218 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA 



" Moreover Dr. H. E. Durham has since informed us that whilst he was study- 

 ing yellow fever at Para, Brazil, he was much less bitten about the feet than 

 was his late companion Dr. Myers. Dr. Durham wore ochre coloured socks, Dr. 

 Myers black ones." 



Further experiments upon color preferences have been made by Jordan and 

 Hefferan (" Observations on the Bionomics of Anopheles," Journal of In- 

 fectious Diseases, vol. ii, No. 1, January 12, 1905) . Their results are as follows : 



" Experiments were made to determine the color preference of adult A. puncti- 

 pennis. The conditions of the experiment were substantially the same as those 

 in a similar series of observations made by Nuttall upon A. maculipennis. The 

 mosquitoes were confined under a large hood with glass sides and front. Boxes 

 covered with different colored cloths of similar texture were placed under the 

 hood, and every day at a fixed hour during a week the number of mosquitoes that 

 had settled on each color was counted. The position of the boxes was changed 

 every day after counting to eliminate possible influences of light and shade and 

 other factors. The results were as follows : 



Number of Mosquitoes. On 



61 Dark red 



57 Dark blue 



41 Black 



8 Dark pink 



6 Dark green 



5 Lavender 



5 Purple 



4 White 



2 Light blue 



2 Pale green 



1 Light pink 



Yellow 



" These results with A. punctipennis are very much like those obtained by 

 Nuttall with A. maculipennis, dark red and dark blue proving the most at- 

 tractive in both cases." 



BREEDING-PLACES OF ANOPHELES. 



Some observations bearing on this question will be found under the genus 

 Anopheles in the systematic portion of this work. In the early investigations 

 in America the larvae were found in more or less permanent pools of water in 

 the bed of an old canal, in the side pools of spring-fed woodland streams, in the 

 side pools or shallows of field springs, or in artificial excavations filled with sur- 

 face water. In such places, especially when supplied with a certain amount of 

 green scum, the little larvae were often found resting at the surface of the water, 

 occasionally darting from one spot to another. They were also found in water 

 contained in barrels and troughs, in fountain basins, but comparatively rarely 

 found in the same water with the larvae of Culex. Austen, in the report of the 

 proceedings of the expedition for the study of the causes of malaria at Sierra 

 Leone, states that on August 26, 1899, Doctor Prout and Doctor Berkeley found 

 Anopheles larvae mingled with those of Culex in a tub of water in a yard at the 

 Sanitary Office. Aside from this and one other instance, Anopheles were always 

 found breeding in roadside puddles and ditches. Futtall, Cobbet, and Strange- 

 ways-Pigg, in England, found Anopheles larvae nine times with Culex in ponds, 

 and also took them with Culex in ditches in which the water scarcely flowed, in 



