142 



COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI 



cease, and thus hyphae may form sprout cells and asci simultaneously. 

 One finds even young asci which continue to cut off sprout cells until they 

 begin spore formation. Periods of vegetative growth and fructification 

 are thus not sharply separated from each other. 



The asci contain four spores of a peculiar hat shape, such as we shall 

 meet later in Endomyces decipiens and in Willia of the Saccharomyceta- 

 cese. At germination they throw off the exospore and germinate with 

 either germ tube or sprout mycelium (Dombrowski, 1902; Guillermond, 

 1909, 19106, 1913a). 



Y lo . s7— Endomyces fibuliger. Development of asci. (X 500; after Guillermond, 1909.) 



In contrast to Eremascus fertitis, in Endomyces fibuliger sexuality is so 

 completely weakened that the sexual organs may only be explained as 

 vestiges. In a large number of cases, no copulation tubes are formed and 

 the asci arise directly from vegetative hyphae or sprout cells. 



In the following forms, the copulation branches no longer fuse, 

 they are formed less frequently and the asci arise parthenogenetically 

 throughout. The growth of mycelium through sprouting increases 

 proportionally. In two Chinese species, E. Lindneri and E. Hordei, the 

 copulation branches no longer change directly to asci but develop to a 

 short, occasionally branched mycelium (Fig. 88, 1 and 2), on which the 

 asci arise by swelling of the hyphal cells. In the majority of cases the asci 



