PEZIZALES 



319 



Bulgariaceae. — Bulgaria and Coryne are notable for the remarkable 

 development of their imperfect forms. Bulgaria polymorpha (B. inquin- 

 ans) forms circular brown fructifications on the wood or bark of fallen 

 frondose trees. The nuclear divisions in their asci do not take place 

 simultaneously, so that the early and late maturing nuclei compete for 

 the epiplasm (Moreau, 1914). The first-formed spores are normally 

 brown and have a meridianal germination slit; the younger remain 

 hyaline and lack this split (anisospory). The species of Coryne are 

 mostly saprophytic or hemiparasitic on wood and bark. 



Fig. 210. — Coryne prasinula. 1. Ascus whose spores are already forming sprout cells. 

 2. Discharged ascospores continuing sprouting. 3. Spherical sprout cells which are form- 

 ing bacilliform cells. 4. Sprouting hyphae. 5. Beginning of conidial formation. Coryne 

 Cylichnium. 6. Sprouting ascospores. Coryne sarcoides. 7. Germinating ascospore. 

 8. Conidiophores. (1 to 5, 7, 8 X 350; 6 X 300; after Brefeld and Tulasne.) 



In both genera the ascospores develop sprout cells in nutrient solu- 

 tions or mycelium, which in turn may form sprout cells. In Coryne 

 prasinula, a form with greenish apothecia on decaying wood, sprouting 

 begins in the ascus (Fig. 210, 1); the several-celled hyaline ascospores 

 develop tiny, spherical sprout cells, and continue to grow after ejacula- 

 tion (Fig. 210, 2). Besides, they may just as frequently develop to 

 luxuriant hyphal mycelia whose cells cut off on all sides large masses of 

 bacilliform sprout cells. Similar bacilliform cells occasionally sprout 

 from the spherical sprout cells (Fig. 210, 3) or their germ tubes. Both 

 types multiply intensively and in solutions form opaque precipitates, but 

 may at any time, with a change of cultural conditions, proceed to hyphal 

 growth. 



Similar relationships have been determined for Coryne Cylichnium 

 and C. sarcoides, whose large apothecia have a dark flesh-red color, in 



