502 



COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI 



inconspicuous. Around the gleba are found volva plates VG separated 

 from each other by parts of the intermediate tissue (Zw. gefl. pi.). 

 Within the volva, there are transverse or oblique branches of the receptacle 

 Rp; its pseudoparenchymatous walls grow unusually strong and, because 

 of lack of space, lie in thick folds: as the receptacle branches spring from 



the same tissue as parts of the inter- 

 mediate tissue, in Fig. 319, 7 the 

 cross sections of receptacle branches 

 always lie inside the plates of inter- 

 mediate tissue. 



The result of the development 

 is shown in Fig. 321. While all 

 mature fructifications of the Hyster- 

 angiaceae appear tuberiform, the 

 Clathraceae show a marked change. 

 The folds of the receptacle branches 

 elongate at maturity, because of an 

 increase of turgor, rupture both rind 

 tissue and volva and elevate the 

 gleba from the sheath of these two 

 layers. The gleba liquefies, drops 

 away and the basidiospores are 

 spread, possibly by wind or insects. 

 Finally, there remains only the 

 receptacle whose form for C. can- 

 cellatus is shown in Fig. 321. In C. 

 columnatus, the branches do not form 

 a lattice but they resemble the ribs 

 of a dome. 



In the Brazilian Blumenavia rha- 

 codes (Fig. 322), in the curve between 

 the branches of the columella, one trama plate TVi is formed earlier or is 

 better developed than the others (Moller, 1895; E. Fischer, 1900). 

 This elongates until its ends press against the receptacle fundament Rp, 

 spreads out here and surrounds the fundament with a bifurcation. While 

 in further development, the hymenium normally is formed on the proxi- 

 mal part of these plates, there arises on the distal bifurcations R in direct 

 continuation of this hymenium, a pseudoparenchymatous layer Ps; the 

 tissue R, surrounded by the pseudoparenchyma Ps, thereafter behaves 

 as a receptacle chamber and is organically united with the remaining 

 receptacle chambers. 



Hence on the outside of ripe fructifications (Fig. 322, 3) lies the rind 

 layer Per, which surrounds the volva gel plates VG. These are connected 

 with the columella Zstr. by its branches Z. str. zw. Between the volva gel 



Fig. 321. — Clathrus cancellatus. Expanded 

 receptacle. (After Fayod.) 



