538 



COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI 



strates (Fig. 357, 3) (Brefeld, 1888; Dangeard, 1895; Juel, 1898). In 

 the cultures reported by Gilbert, the daughter cells germinate directly 

 to uninucleate mycelia; clamp connections were not observed; binuclea- 

 tion was first observed at the base of the fructification without discover- 

 ing how it had occurred. The other species of Dacryomyces which have 

 been investigated agree with D. deliquescens; only in D. ovisporus the 

 sterigmata arise somewhat below the tip. The number of daughter 

 cells of the basidiospores in D. longisporus is 12 to 15; and in D. ovisporus 

 a multicellular tissue is formed by repeated transverse and longitudinal 

 division (Fig. 357, 5). 



Beyond Dacryomyces the development of the fructifications takes 

 place in two directions. In some forms they gradually differentiate into 

 head and stipe, with the hymenium limited to the head; thus in Guepinia 

 (Fig. 354, 3) the fructification resembles that of Peziza or Coryne. In 



Fig. 358. — Calocera viscosa. Section of hymenium. (X600; after Dangeard, 1895.) 



Dacryomitra (Fig. 354, 5) this differentiation into pileus and stipe is still 

 more marked. The upper surface of the head is cerebriform and the 

 whole structure resembles a Helvetia. 



In other forms, as in Calocera, the development proceeds in the direc- 

 tion of the Cantharellales, with the hymenium completely covering the 

 fructification. In the simpler species, as C. cornea, the fructifications, 

 like those of Eocronartium, are small, unbranched, clavate, cartilaginous 

 or slightly gelatinous (Fig. 354, 4) ; in the higher species, as C. viscosa (C. 

 flammea), they ascend to structures which externally correspond to 

 Clavaria and may only be distinguished microscopically (Fig. 354, 6). 

 Gel formation disappears more and more, occurring only in the basal 

 layers of the hymenium (Fig. 358). Consequently the fructifications 

 attain a rough appearance and thus lose the last character which superfi- 

 cially connects them with the tremelloid Dacryomyces. 



In the germination of the basidiospores and the form of the conidia, 

 these three genera agree with Dacryomyces, but no oidia have been 

 reported. The phylogeny of the Dacryomycetales is altogether obscure. 

 Juel (1898) and Maire (1902) consider them to have arisen, by the sup- 



