A URICULARIALES 



551 



discharged but collect in a shining white knob, supported by the "calyx." 

 They germinate easily in nutrient solution (Fig. 367, 9 to 11). Besides, 

 a large number of microconidia may be formed, each of which is sur- 

 rounded by a thin gel. They do not germinate beyond a slight swelling. 

 The hyphae from germinating basidiospores form coremia (Fig. 368, 2), 

 basidial formation is limited to the top of the coremium, and fructifica- 

 tions result similar to those found in Nature. In the Javan Hoehnelio- 

 myces javanicus (Weese, 1920) the "calyx" is better developed than in H. 

 delectans with its hyphae adhering to form a definite peridium around the 

 basidial head. Here we have an angiocarpous fructification. 



In Phleogena faginea (Pilacre faginea, P. Petersii), the highest member 

 of the series (Fig. 369), development is entirely angiocarpous. This 

 species is found in late fall and winter on Fagus, occasionally on Acer and 

 Carpinus (Brefeld, 1888; Istvanffi, 1895; Shear and B. 0. Dodge, 1925). 



Fig. 369. — Phleogena faginea. Habit of fungus on beech bark. (Natural size; after 



Brefeld, 1888.) 



Its stipe consists of a bundle of parallel hyphae. In the fundament of 

 the head, the hyphae radiate and branch repeatedly, the branches becom- 

 ing very small. At a certain stage they begin to bend inwards at the top 

 of the pileus, forming the so-called peridium (Fig. 370, 2 and 3). This 

 process proceeds basipetally. Within this zone, there arise loose coremia 

 of clamp-bearing hyphae whose tips are transformed into basidia. In 

 contrast to Pilacrella and Hoehneliomyces, the whole fructification con- 

 sists of uniform hyphae, the same hyphae which form the stipe, intertwine 

 to form the peridium and later the basidial branches which fill the 

 interior of the fructification (Fig. 370, 4). 



When the spores are mature, the basidia and basidial branches 

 shrivel, leaving only a mass of spores. The peridium, thanks to the 

 helical involutions of the hyphae, winters over and disintegrates in the 

 spring with anemochoric spore dispersal. The spores are thick-walled, 

 light yellow to dark brown, possessing thin germ pores. They germinate 

 to coarse brown, clampless primary mycelia which cut off brown, uninu- 

 cleate conidia similar to species of Rhinotrichum. These germinate to 



