Guilliermond - Atkinson 



182 



Cytoplasm 



cent angiosperms and MiLOViDOV pointed out their existence in epi- 

 dermal cells of rose leaflets. 



More recent research has made it possible to show the rather 

 frequent presence of specialized vacuoles in epidermal cells of 



Fig. 127. — 1-7, Fruit of Rubus fruticosus. Two types of 

 vacuoles. 1-4, exocarp. 1, young green fruit; large and 

 small colorless vacuoles (V.v). 2, ripening fruit; large 

 vacuole with raspberry-red anthocyanin pigment and small 

 colorless vacuoles. 3, ripe fruit; three vacuoles with red 

 pigment, numerous small vacuoles either with colloidal bodies 

 (g) or needle-shaped crystals (c), both colored violet by 

 anthocyanin. 4, ripe fruit; one large vacuole with red pig- 

 ment, smaller vacuoles with crystals of dark violet pigment, 

 isolated or in bundles. 5, mesocarp, ripening fruit; large 

 vacuole (V), with dilute solution of raspberry-red pigment, 

 numerous small vacuoles (v), with brick-red pigment and 

 raspberry-red colloidal granules. 6, 7, mesocarp, ripe 

 fruit; small vacuoles with one or more violet colloidal bodies, 

 sometimes also with needle-shaped crystals of pigment, isolated 

 or in groups, sometimes with the crystals only. 8, Wisteria 

 sinensis; epidermis of petal; large central vacuole {V) , with 

 red-violet pigment and small peripheral vacuoles (v), with 

 a concentrated solution of blue-violet pigment and crystalline 

 needles of dark blue pigment. 9, Hibiscus syriacus; epidermis 

 of petal; large central vacuole (V) , with red pigment and 

 dark red tannin bodies (P) ; small peripheral vacuoles (v), 

 with mauve pigment. 10, Canna indica; epidermis of leaf; 

 large vacuole (V) , with red pigment and a large spherical 

 crystal (S) ; one or more small colorless peripheral vacuoles. 

 (in vivo). 



leaves, fruits, and flowers which contain anthocyanin pigments. 

 One of the most curious cases is to be found in the epidermis of the 

 petals of Wisteria sinensis, already reported by Went, in which 

 all the cells show two very distinct categories of vacuoles: one 

 large central vacuole and several small peripheral vacuoles. The 

 large central vacuole contains tannin and a reddish violet antho- 



