Typha 



Typhaceae 



71 



50 



Map 68 

 Juniperus virginiana L. 

 var. crebra Fernald & Griscom 



50 



Map 69 



Typha latifoha L. 



2. Juniperus virginiana L. var. crebra Fernald & Griscom. (Rhodora 

 37: 131-133. 1935.) {Juniperus virginiana f. Bremerae Standley & Mac- 

 bride.) Eastern Red Cedar. Map 68. In a recent study of the species 

 Fernald & Griscom found that our spirelike trees of the north and interior 

 are not like the ovoid type of tree of the south. The leaves of adult branch- 

 lets of the northern form are narrower and attenuate at the apex while 

 those of the southern form are rather broadly deltoid and obtuse or merely 

 subacute. The mature fruit of the north has sweet flesh and the seed 

 shallow pits at the base while those of the south have flesh with a pitchy 

 taste and deep pits at the base. Caution must be used in separating the two 

 forms by the character of the leaves because of transitional forms. All the 

 specimens I have examined belong to the northern variety. 



The eastern red cedar is found throughout the state although there are 

 no records from the southwestern part. It is rare to infrequent in the 

 northern part except along the St. Joseph River where it is frequent on 

 its banks or close to them, becoming rare in the central part of the state, 

 and frequent to common in the southern part in the unglaciated area and 

 east of it. This tree seems to prefer calcareous soils, and in the unglaciated 

 area some eroded and abandoned fields have grown up thickly with it. It 

 has a wide range of habitats for I have seen it even in the "flats" in Clark 

 County. I am of the opinion that in the primitive forest this species was 

 restricted to high bluffs and banks of streams and eroded slopes where it 

 could compete with other species. While it is tolerant of shade it is rarely 

 found in the dense forest. 



N. S. to w. Ont. and S. Dak., southw. at least to Mo. and Va. 



8. TYPHACEAE J. St. Hil. Cattail Family 



49. TYPHA [Town.] L. Cattail 



Staminate and pistillate parts of spike contiguous; stems stout, usually 1-2 m high; 

 leaves flat, the lower ones 12-23 mm wide; sterile flowers shorter than the hairs; 

 pollen grains in 4's; stigmas fan-shaped; mature pistillate spikes about 2.5 cm 

 in diameter 1- T. latifolia. 



