214 Cyperaceae Carex 



Rootstocks elongate, producing long horizontal stolons 



20. § Paniceae, p. 244. 



Rootstocks not elongate, not producing long horizontal stolons. 



21. § Laxiflorae, p. 246. 



Perigynia rounded at the base, suborbicular in cross section; 



achenes loosely enveloped 22. § Granulares, p. 250. 



Perigynia with numerous fine impressed nerves. 



Perigynia tapering at the base, constricted at the apex, obtusely 



triangular; achenes closely enveloped 



23. § Oligocarpae, p. 251. 



Perigynia rounded at both ends, orbicular or orbicular-triangular 



in cross section 24. § Griseae, p. 252. 



Pistillate spikes elongate, linear to cylindric, slender-peduncled, the 

 lower drooping. 

 Perigynia beakless or short-beaked; terminal spike gynaecandrous 



(except in C. prasina, and rarely in C. gracillima) 



25. § Gracillimae, p. 253. 



Perigynia conspicuously beaked; terminal spike staminate (rarely 

 with a few perigynia at the base). 

 Pistillate spikes narrowly linear, 3-4 mm wide; culms strongly 



reddish-tinged at the base, aphyllopodic 



26. § Sylvaticae, p. 254. 



Pistillate spikes oblong-cylindric, 8-10 mm wide; culms not strongly 



reddish-tinged at the base, phyllopodic 



27. § Longirostres, p. 255. 



Beak of perigynium bidentate 28. § Extensae, p. 256. 



Bracts sheathless or very short-sheathing (rarely the lowest long-sheathing 

 in C. lasiocarpa of § Hirtae) . 

 Perigynia or foliage (especially the sheaths) or both pubescent. 



Beak of perigynium at most shallowly bidentate; styles very short, 



thickish, leaves not septate-nodulose 29. § Virescentes, p. 257. 



Beak of perigynium strongly bidentate; styles long, slender; leaves 



septate-nodulose 30. § Hirtae, p. 258. 



Perigynia and foliage not pubescent. 

 Achenes triangular; stigmas three. 



Perigynia strongly beaked, scabrous 30a. § Anomalae, p. 259. 



Perigynia beakless or short-beaked, not scabrous. 



Perigynia transversely corrugated 31. § Shortianae, p. 259. 



Perigynia not transversely corrugated, papillate. 



Terminal spike staminate; roots closely clothed with a yellowish 



felt 32. § Limosae, p. 260. 



Terminal spike gynaecandrous; roots not clothed with a yellowish 



felt 33. § Atratae, p. 260. 



Achenes lenticular; stigmas two. 



Achenes not constricted in the middle; pistillate scales obtuse to 



acuminate 34. § Acutae, p. 260. 



Achenes constricted in the middle; pistillate scales long-awned 



35. § Cryptocarpae, p. 262. 



Style not articulated, continuous with the achene, persistent, indurated; perigynia mod- 

 erately to strongly inflated (only slightly so in some species of § Paludosae and 

 § Pseudo-Cyperi) . 

 Perigynia many-nerved, lanceolate, tapering into the beak. 



Spikes solitary, androgynous; perigynia widely spreading or reflexed, early de- 

 ciduous; leaf blades involute, 0.5 mm wide 35a. § Orthocerate., p. 263. 



Spikes several; perigynia ascending, not early deciduous; leaf blades flat, 5-15 mm 



wide 36. § Folliculatae, p. 263. 



Perigynia strongly ribbed, usually broader, generally abruptly contracted into the 

 beak. 



