Carex Cyperaceae 217 



Perigynia 1 cm long or longer; spikes globose 



C. Grayii in 41. § Lupulinae, p. 269. 



Perigynia glabrous. 



Style articulated with the achene, at length deciduous. 



Achenes strongly constricted at the base, rounded at the apex; lower pistillate 



scales bractlike 13. § Phyllostachyae, p. 238. 



Achenes not strongly constricted at the base, apiculate at the apex; lower 

 pistillate scales not bractlike. 

 Bracts long-sheathing, at least the lower ones. 

 Bracts bladeless or with rudimentary blades. 



Leaf blades filiform 18. § Albae, p. 243. 



Leaf blades not filiform 21. § Laxiflorae, p. 246. 



Bracts with well-developed blades. 



Foliage, especially the sheaths, pubescent or puberulent. 



Perigynia beakless or short-beaked; terminal spike gynaecandrous 

 (rarely staminate in C. gracillima) . . .25. § Gracillimae, p. 253. 



Perigynia conspicuously beaked; terminal spike staminate 



26. § Sylvaticae, p. 254. 



Foliage glabrous. 



Beak of perigynium not bidentate, at most emarginate. 



Pistillate spikes short, oblong to linear, erect or, if drooping, either 

 on long capillary peduncles or the perigynia acutely triangular. 

 Perigynia with few to many strongly raised nerves. 



Perigynia tapering at the base, triangular, closely enveloping 

 the achenes. 

 Rootstocks elongate, often producing long horizontal stolons. 



20. § Paniceae, p. 244. 



Rootstocks not elongate, not producing long horizontal stol- 

 ons 21. § Laxiflorae, p. 246. 



Perigynia rounded at the base, suborbicular in cross section, 

 loosely enveloping the achenes. .22. § Granulares, p. 250. 

 Perigynia with numerous fine impressed nerves. 



Perigynia tapering at the base, constricted at the apex, obtusely 



triangular, closely enveloping the achenes 



23. § Oligocarpae, p. 251. 



Perigynia rounded at both ends, orbicular to orbicular-tri- 

 angular in cross section 24. § Griseae, p. 252. 



Pistillate spikes elongate, linear to cylindric, on slender peduncles, 

 the lower usually drooping; perigynia not acutely triangular. 

 Perigynia beakless or short-beaked; terminal spike gynaecan- 

 drous 25. § Gracillimae, p. 253. 



Perigynia conspicuously beaked; terminal spike staminate. 



Pistillate spikes narrowly linear, 3-4 mm wide; culms strongly 



reddish-tinged at the base, aphyllopodic 



26. § Sylvaticae, p. 254. 



Pistillate spikes oblong-cylindric, 8-10 mm wide; culms not 



strongly reddish-tinged at the base, phyllopodic 



27. § Longirostres, p. 255. 



Beak of perigynium bidentate. 



Pistillate spikes oblong-cylindric, on slender drooping peduncles; 



perigynia obliquely cut, at length bidentate 



27. § Longirostres, p. 255. 



Pistillate spikes suborbicular to short-oblong, on short erect or 

 ascending peduncles or sessile, perigynia equally bidentate. 



28. § Extensae, p. 256. 



Bracts (lower) sheath less or very short-sheathing. 



Terminal spike staminate (in C. prasina occasionally bearing a few 



