366 



JUGLANDACEAE 



Juglans 



Juglans cinerea L. 



1881. JUGLANS L. Walnut 



Bark gray, ridges smooth; upper part of leaf-scar of last year's leaves with a mat of 

 hairs; pith dark brown; fruit oblong, husk viscid 1. /. cinerea. 



Bark dark brown, ridges rough; upper part of leaf -scar of last year's leaves without 

 a mat of hairs; pith light brown; fruit orbicular to slightly elongate, husk not 

 viscid 2 - J ' ni 9 ra - 



1. Juglans cinerea L. BUTTERNUT. Map 756. An infrequent tree 

 throughout the state and probably absent from Benton and Newton Coun- 

 ties. It is local in its distribution and generally only a few trees are found 

 in a locality. I have seen it only a few times as a frequent tree and then 

 only over small areas. Its preferred habitats are terraces and banks of 

 streams, but it is also found in ravines and rarely in tamarack bogs. It 

 rarely reaches a large size before the ends of the branches in the crown 

 die. This condition may be due to civilization, since I was told by a pioneer 

 that large trees were formerly to be found. Like the maple, the concen- 

 trated sap of this species produces sugar. 



Valley of the St. Lawrence River to Nebr., southw. to the Gulf States. 



2. Juglans nigra L. Black Walnut. Map 757. This species is prob- 

 ably a native of every county of the state. It is infrequent but well dis- 

 tributed in all parts of the state where it will grow. It will grow almost 

 anywhere and is a native in all kinds of soils except on the hills and in 

 the flats of the southern part and on the sand hills of the northern 

 part. It grew to a great size. A pioneer whose veracity was unquestioned, 

 told me that a tree 8 feet in diameter was cut near Bluffton, and 60 feet 

 of it was used as a "dugout" in which flour and other merchandise were 

 transported on the Wabash River from Murray to Huntington. He said 

 he knew of another walnut tree near Montpelier that was 9 feet in diameter. 

 It must be remembered that I have no data as to the height above the 

 ground at which these measurements were taken. 



W. Mass., Out. to Minn., southw. to Fla. and Tex. 



