Barbarea 



Cruciferae 



493 



50 



Map 1012 



3arbarea vulgaris R. B 



1. Raphanus Raphanistrum L. Wild Radish. J. M. Coulter wrote 

 of this species (Bot. Gaz. 1 : 34. 1876) that in Jefferson County it "has been 

 found taking possession of some of our fields." Welch reports it from 

 Jasper County. Peattie says: "A bad European weed in old fields of the 

 Calumet District," Lake County. I have never seen it or else I did not 

 recognize it. 



Nat. of Eu. and n. Asia. 



2961. BARBAREA R.Br. 



Lower leaves with 1-4 pairs of lateral leaflets, rarely entire or with 5 pairs; upper 

 leaves generally obovate with a cuneate base, toothed, rarely pinnatifid; pedicels 

 not as thick as the pod; flowers generally a bright yellow; mature pods 1.5-2.5 

 cm long, erect or spreading, obtusely angled, beak generally about 2 mm long. . . . 

 1. B. vulgaris. 



Lower leaves with 5-10 pairs of leaflets, rarely one or more with as few as 4 pairs; 

 upper leaves lyrate-pinnatifid; pedicels about as thick as the pod; flowers pale 

 yellow; mature pods 5-7 cm long, ascending, rather sharply angled, beak generally 

 0.5-1 mm long 2. B. verna. 



1. Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. Bitter Wintercress. Map 1012. As 

 treated here this species includes Barbarea stricta Andrz. of Gray, Man., 

 ed. 7 and of Britton and Brown, Illus. Flora, ed. 2, not Andrz.; also 

 Barbarea vulgaris var. longisiliquosa Carion (Rhodora 11: 139. 1909). 

 It is extremely variable in its leaves and in the position of the ma- 

 ture pods; however, the latest studies indicate that these differences are 

 ecological (Jour. Bot. 54: 202. 1916 and 57: 304. 1919). This species is 

 well distributed throughout the state and in some fields it forms colonies 

 over large areas and is regarded as an obnoxious weed. It is found in 

 fallow and cultivated fields, pastures, open woodland, and clover fields 

 and along roadsides and railroads. 



Introduced from Eu. in the Eastern and Central States but native in 

 the north and west. 



2. Barbarea verna (Mill.) Asch. Early Wintercress. Map 1013. 

 Locally frequent in a few of the southern counties and probably scattered 



