Geum Rosaceae 569 



Calyx lobes reflexed, greenish without; lower segment of styles glabrous. 



Lower part of stem glabrous or sparingly pubescent with spreading hairs about 



1 mm long, sometimes more or less puberulent, rarely more densely pubescent; 



petioles of the basal leaves likewise pubescent, often more pubescent than the 



stem; petals white, exceeding the sepals, usually 3-6 mm long and half as 



wide or more. 



Body of carpel sparsely appressed-pubescent as well as hispid with long hairs; 



upper segment of style sparsely bearded with white hairs of different 



lengths, usually one or more up to 0.5 mm long; simple leaves of the stem 



longer than wide, cuneate at the base, rarely truncate; peduncles glandless. 



3. G. canadense. 



Body of carpel hispid above, otherwise glabrous; upper segment of style sparsely 

 hispidulous with short hairs about half as long as the preceding; simple 

 leaves of the stem usually wider than long, generally truncate at the base 



or the uppermost one cuneate; peduncles glandular 



3a. G. canadense var. Grimesii. 



Lower part of stem and petioles of basal leaves more or less densely pubescent 

 with hairs about 2 mm long, spreading or somewhat retrorse; petals white 

 or cream color and shorter than the calyx or large, bright yellow, and exceed- 

 ing the calyx. 

 Peduncles densely puberulent, and with a few long hairs; petals cream color, 

 2.2-3.5 mm long, about half as wide, shorter than the sepals, usually about 

 half as long; peduncles relatively long; heads obovate; stipules larger than 

 in G. canadense ; terminal leaflet usually about twice as long as the lateral 

 ones, narrow, long-cuneate at the base, with coarse teeth.. .4. G. virginianum. 

 Peduncles densely puberulent, and usually densely pubescent with long, spread- 

 ing hairs. 

 Petals bright yellow, mostly 4-8 mm long, nearly or quite as wide as long, 

 longer than the sepals; leaves usually, as a whole, more pinnate; pube- 

 scence on stem and leaves softer, and receptacle more pubescent than in 



the following species 5. G. aleppicum var. strictvm. 



Petals cream white, generally 2.5-5.5 mm long and about half as wide, shorter 

 than the sepals. 



Carpels glabrous 6. G. laciniatum. 



Carpels hispid above 6a. G. laciniatum var. trichocarpum. 



1. Geum vernum (Raf.) T. & G. Spring Avens. Map 1159. Infrequent 

 to common in wet and moist woods throughout the state although there 

 are no records from the northwestern counties. This species prefers moist, 

 alluvial soil along streams, where it is often a common plant ; but it grows 

 also in less favorable habitats such as roadsides and fallow fields. 



Ont. to 111. and Kans., southw. to W. Va., Tenn., and Tex. 



2. Geum rivale L. Purple Avens. Map 1160. This species has been 

 found in only a few of our northern counties in tamarack bogs. Van Gorder 

 found it in a birch marsh in Noble County and Hill reported it from La 

 Porte County. I have had this species in cultivation in the open in garden 

 soil for about 10 years and it thrives. 



Lab. to Sask., southw. to n. N. J., Pa., Ind., and Colo. ; found also in Eu. 



3. Geum canadense Jacq. White Avens. Map 1161. This is a wood- 

 land species well distributed throughout the state. It prefers a moist soil. 

 Usually there are only a few plants growing at one place, but rarely 

 it is found in dense or large colonies. 



N. S. to S. Dak., southw. to Ga., La., and Kans. 



