686 



VlOLACEAE 



Viola 



'"13 



Map 1433 



Viola pedata L 



50 



Map 1434 



Viola ped at if ida Don 



50 



Map 1435 



Viola triloba Schwein 



Capsules more or less woolly 16. V. eriocarpa. 



Capsules glabrous 16a. V. eriocarpa f. leiocarpa. 



Plants usually not branched at the base, softly pubescent; root leaves generally 

 absent; margins of stem leaves usually with 30-45 teeth; stipules broad- 

 ovate. 



Capsules woolly 17- V. pubescens. 



Capsules glabrous 17a. V. pubescens var. Peckii. 



Stipules green, bristle-toothed; capsules glabrous. 



Leaves with round-crenate teeth; stipules (1) 1.5-2.5 cm long, toothed through- 

 out; auricles of sepals about 2 mm long; seed about 2 mm long 



22. V. striata. 



Leaves with flattened crenate teeth; stipules 0.5-1.3 cm long or rarely longer, 



toothed mostly toward the base; auricles of sepals about 1 mm long; seeds 



1.5-1.8 mm long. 



Capsules 4-5 mm long, light brown, splotched with a darker brown; seed 



bone color, splotched with brown, about 1.5 mm long. . . .23. V. conspersa. 



Capsules mostly 5.5-7 mm long; seed 2 mm or more long 24. V. rostrata. 



Stipules large, leaflike, laciniate at the base. 



Upper leaves and middle lobes of stipules entire or nearly so; seed light brown, 



about 1 mm long 19. V. Kitaibeliana var. Rafinesquii. 



Upper leaves and middle lobes of stipules plainly crenate; introduced from 

 Europe. 



Leaves cordate at the base 20. V. tricolor. 



Leaves cuneate at the base 21. V. arvensis. 



1. Viola pedata L. (Viola pedata var. concolor Holm.) Birdfoot 

 Violet. Map 1433. Locally frequent in the lake area in very sandy or 

 gravelly soil in the dunes and open woodland and along roadsides. Prob- 

 ably absent or very rare south of the lake area until the southern part 

 of the state is reached where it has been found in a few counties in rather 

 sandy soil on the crests of ridges. Here it is usually associated with chest- 

 nut oak, post oak, black oak, and Virginia pine. 



Mass. to Minn., southw. to Fla. and La. 



la. Viola pedata var. lineariloba DC. A form with all of the leaf-seg- 

 ments lineai-. Our manuals tell us that this leaf-form is correlated with 



