714 



Umbelliferae 



Panax 



— 30 



Map 1513 



Hydrocotyle umbellata L. 



5883. PANAX L. 



Leaflets 5, stalked, obovate or ovate, abruptly acuminate, the larger ones 8-14 cm long; 



fruit red 1. P. quinquefolium. 



Leaflets 3-5, sessile or nearly so, obtuse or acute, narrow-oval, the larger ones 1.5-6 cm 



long ; fruit yellowish 2. P. trifolium. 



1. Panax quinquefolium L. American Ginseng. Map 1511. Formerly 

 frequent to common in rich woods throughout the state. From the earliest 

 times it was dug for its large roots which were shipped mostly to China 

 for use as a medicine. The earliest pioneers received 25 cents a pound for 

 the dried roots. The fact that the price has steadily advanced, until it now 

 sells for about 16 dollars a pound, has resulted nearly in its extinction. 



Que. and Ont. to Minn., southw. to Pa., Mo., and in the mts. to Ga. 



2. Panax trifolium L. Dwarf Ginseng. Map 1512. Leaves usually 3, 

 sometimes 4. Mostly in moist, rich beech and sugar maple woods and 

 rarely in wet places in woods. It is rather local in a few of the northern 

 counties and reappears in slightly acid soil in Decatur and Jennings 

 Counties. The plant is rather inconspicuous and may be more common 

 than the reports indicate. 



N. S. to Minn., southw. to Del., Md., 111., Iowa, and along the mts. to Ga. 



228. UMBELLIFERAE B. Juss. Parsley Family* 



Leaves all simple. 



Inflorescence capitate 5923. Eryngium, p. 718. 



Inflorescence a distinct umbel, not capitate. 



Leaves orbicular-peltate or reniform; umbels simple. . .5893. Hydrocotyle, p. 716. 



Leaves perfoliate; umbels compound 5994. Bupleurum, p. 721. 



Leaves not all simple. 



Ovary and fruit variously armed with bristles or with hooked or barbed prickles. 



Ovary and fruit armed with bristles; fruit several times longer than wide 



5941. Osmorhiza, p. 719. 



* The manuscript of this family was read, and the key to the genera wi'itten by 

 Mildred E. Mathias, Research Associate, University of California. 



