Lappula BORAGINACEAE 789 



1. Cynoglossum officinale L. Common Houndstongue. Map 1701. 

 More or less frequent in dry soil in pasture fields and woods pastures, on 

 open wooded slopes, and along roadsides and railroads. This is a species 

 that one usually, by preference, neglects to collect, and this fact, no doubt, 

 accounts for the lack of specimens from the southwestern part of the state. 

 There are specimens with white flowers from Kosciusko and Noble 

 Counties. 



Nat. of Eurasia; now naturalized in N. A. from Que., Ont., Man., and 

 Oreg., southw. to N. C, Ala., and N. Mex. 



2. Cynoglossum virginianum L. Wild Comfrey. Map 1702. Frequent 

 in the southern half of the state and rare in the northern part. My 

 Lagrange County specimen is not shown on the map. It is strictly a wood- 

 land species found mostly on wooded slopes of white oak, black and white 

 oak, and beech. Careful measurements of our specimens in anthesis show 

 the following results. In 3 specimens the calyx was from 2-2.5 mm in 

 length, the corolla from 11-14 mm in width, the lobes orbicular, and the 

 sinuses closed; in 7 specimens the calyx was 3 mm long, the corolla from 

 11.5-16 mm wide, the lobes orbicular, and the sinuses closed; and in 4 

 specimens the calyx was 3.5-4 mm long, corolla 14-16 mm wide, the lobes 

 orbicular, and the sinuses closed. Not included in the preceding measure- 

 ments I have a specimen from Franklin County, no. 34008, with a calyx 

 2.5 mm long, corolla 9 mm wide, the lobes oblong, and the sinuses open; 

 and one specimen from Jennings County with a calyx 2 mm long, corolla 

 9 mm wide, the lobes oblong, and the sinuses open. 



Cynoglossum boreale Fern., a northern species, is described as having a 

 calyx 2-2.5 mm long; corolla 6-8 mm wide, the lobes ovate-oblong, and the 

 sinuses open. Our Franklin and Jennings County specimens belong, no 

 doubt, to this species. The preceding measurements convince me that our 

 specimens belong to one variable species. Johnston (Contr. Gray Herb. 

 Harvard Univ. 70: 34. 1924), in his synopsis of the genus, says: "All 

 the vegetative characters of this species [Cynoglossum boreale'] can be 

 matched, after a short search, among undubitable material of C. vir- 

 ginianum." 



Peattie reported Cynoglossum boreale from the dune area but I have not 

 seen his specimen if he preserved one. Buhl (Amer. Midland Nat. 16: 262. 

 1935) says this report lacks confirming specimens. 



S. Conn, to Mo., southw. to Fla. and La. 



7073. LAPPULA [Rivin.] Moench 



1. Lappula echinata Gilib. (Lappula Lappula (L.) Karst.) Map 

 1703. This species has been reported from all parts of the state although 

 my specimens are all from the northeastern part. Jt prefers a sandy soil 

 and is generally found in ballast along railroads and roadsides, in waste 

 places and fallow fields, and rarely in pastures or open woods. 



Nat. of Eurasia; naturalized in N. A. from N. S. to B. C, southw. to 

 N. J., Kans., and Calif. 



