Verbena Verbenaceae 795 



a sky blue appearance. I observed this field in later years and the owner 

 had been able to exterminate it entirely. It has become well established 

 in Lagrange County and is found in many places, especially in the 

 vicinity of Mongo and Brushy Prairie. I cultivated this plant one year 

 and the largest one stood 28 inches high, and had 22 branches, the longest 

 of which was 42 inches long. Needless to say I did not permit it to 

 mature seed. 



Nat. of Eu. ; naturalized in N. A. from N. B., Ont. to Nebr., southw. to 

 Ga. and Tex. 



253. VERBENACEAE J. St. Hil. Vervain Family 



[Perry. A revision of the North American species of Verbena. Ann. 

 Missouri Bot. Gard. 20: 239-362. 1933.]* 



Calyx tubular; limb of corolla 5-lobed, regular or nearly so; fruit in long or short 



spikes and not very dense; fruit splitting into 4 nutlets. . . .7138. Verbena, p. 795. 



Calyx short, 2-cleft; limb of corolla 4-lobed, 2-lipped; fruit in short or long, dense 



heads; fruit splitting into 2 nutlets 7145. Phyla, p. 798. 



7138. VERBENA [Tourn.] L. Vervain 



Flowers 15-25 mm long; anthers of the longer stamens gland-tipped; calyx 8-10 mm 

 long. 



Bracts mostly shorter than the calyx; limb of corolla mostly 15-25 mm wide 



1. V. canadensis. 



Bracts mostly longer than the calyx; limb of corolla mostly 8-15 mm wide. (See 



excluded species no. 523, p. 1083) V. bipinnatifida. 



Flowers 4-10 mm long; anthers of the longer stamens not gland-tipped; calyx mostly 

 less than 5 mm long. 

 Bracts shorter than the flowers; spikes filiform or slender; plants erect or diffuse in 

 Verbena officinalis. 

 Spikes filiform; fruiting calyx about 2 mm long or less; fruit scattered. 



Plants diffuse annuals; leaves incised or pinnatifid, sessile; fruiting calyx less 

 than 2 mm long; flowers purplish. (See excluded species no. 524, p. 1084) 



V. officinalis. 



Plants erect perennials; leaves serrate (rarely incised), petiolate; fruiting calyx 

 about 2 mm long; flowers white (rarely pink or purplish). 

 Leaves strigose-hirsute beneath or glabrate, the colorless hairs 1-1.3 mm long, 

 appressed or subappressed; mature inflorescence with stiff, strigose as- 

 cending branches; mature calyx 2-2.3 mm long; mature nutlets definitely 



ribbed on the back 2. V. urticaefolia. 



Leaves densely pubescent beneath with short hairs about 0.3 mm long; mature 



inflorescence with loosely ascending or spreading, puberulent branches; 



mature calyx usually "less than 2 mm long; mature nutlets about 1.5 mm 



long and quite smooth on the back. . . .2a. V. urticaefolia var. leiocarpa. 



Spikes slender; fruiting calyx more than 2 mm long; flowers blue (rarely albino 



forms); fruit densely imbricated. 



Stems glabrous or sparingly rough-pubescent, the hairs mostly less than 0.5 



mm long; leaves lanceolate or narrower. 



Leaves on petioles mostly 1.5-2 cm long, acuminate; fruiting calyx generally 



1.5-3 mm long; seed 1.5-1.7 mm long 3. V. hastata. 



Leaves sessile, mostly obtuse; fruiting calyx 3.5-4.5 mm long, usually about 4 

 mm long; seed about 2.5 mm long 4. V. simplex. 



* H. L. Moldenke examined all my specimens of this family. 



