1124 



Glossary 



Sheath. A tubular envelope, as the lower 



part of a leaf in grasses. 

 Shrub. A woody perennial, usually with 



several stems. 

 Silique. The name of certain fruits of the 



Cruciferae. 

 Sinuate. With strongly wavy margins. 

 .Sinus, The space between two lobes. 

 Sdrus (pi. sori). A heap or cluster, applied 



to the fruit dots of ferns. 

 Spadix. A spike with a fleshy axis. 

 Spathe. A bract, usually more or less 



concave, subtending a spadix. 

 Spicate. Arranged in a spike or resembling 



a spike. 

 Spike. A simple inflorescence with the 



flowers sessile or nearly so upon an 



elongated common axis. 

 Spikelet. A small or secondary spike; the 



characteristic unit of the inflorescence of 



a grass. 

 Spine. A sharp, woody or rigid outgrowth 



from the stem. 

 Sporangium. A spore case. 

 Spreading. Diverging nearly at right 



angles. 

 Spur. A hollow projection of a floral organ. 

 Squarrose. With the parts spreading or 



their tips recurved. 

 Stamen. The organ of a flower which bears 



the pollen. 

 Standard. The upper, usually broad, petal 



of a papilionaceous corolla. 

 Stellate. Starlike. 



Stem. The main ascending axis of a plant. 

 Sterile. Without spores or without seed. 

 Stigma. The summit of a pistil to which 



pollen grains become attached. 

 Stipe. The stalklike support of a pistil; 



the leaf stalk of a fern. 

 Stipitate. Provided with a stipe. 

 Stipule. An appendage at the base of a 



petiole, often adnate to it. 

 Stblon. A basal branch rooting at the 



nodes. 

 Stoloniferous . Producing or bearing stolons. 

 Stramineous. Straw colored. 

 Strigose. With appressed or ascending, 



sharp, stiff hairs. 

 Style. The narrowed top of the pistil which 



connects the ovary to the stigma. 

 Stylopbdium. A disklike expansion at the 



base of the style, as in Umbelliferae. 

 Subulate. Awl-shaped. 

 Succulent. Soft and juicy. 



Silicate. Grooved longitudinally. 

 Superior (ovary). Free from the calyx. 

 Suture. A line of dehiscence. 

 Tendril. A slender coiling organ by which 



climbing plants are attached to a support- 

 ing body. 

 Terete. Circular in cross section. 

 Ternate. Divided into three segments, or 



arranged in threes. 

 Throat. The orifice of a gamopetalous 



corolla or calyx. 

 Thyrsus. A compact panicle. 

 Tomentose. Densely pubescent with the 



hairs matted. 

 Tdrus. The receptacle of a flower. 

 Trigonous. Three-angled. 

 Truncate. Ending abruptly as if cut off 



transversely. 

 Tuber. A thick, short, underground branch 



or part of a branch, having eyes or buds. 

 Tubercle. The persistent base of a style in 



some Cyperaceae. 

 Tuberous. Having the character of a tuber; 



tuberlike in appearance. 

 Turgid. Swollen or tightly drawn. 

 Umbel. An inflorescence in which the 



peduncles or pedicels of the cluster arise 



from the same point. 

 Umbellate. In or like an umbel. 

 Umbellule. A secondary umbel. 

 llmbonate. Bearing a stout projection in 



the center; bossed. 

 Uncinate. Hooked or in the form of a hook. 

 Undulate. With wavy margins. 

 Urceolate. Urn-shaped. 

 Utricle. A bladderlike organ; a 1-seeded 



fruit with a loose pericarp. 

 Vdlvate. Meeting by the margins in the 



bud, not overlapping; dehiscent by valves. 

 Vein. A thread of fibro-vascular tissue in a 



leaf or other organ. 

 Velutinous. Velvety; with a dense, fine 



pubescence. 

 Ventral. Belonging to the anterior or inner 



face of an organ; the opposite of dorsal. 

 V'entricose. Swelling unequally, or inflated 



on one side. 

 Verrucose. Covered with wartlike eleva- 

 tions. 

 Verticillate. With three or more leaves or 



branches at a node; whorled. 

 Villous. Bearing long, soft hairs. 

 Virgate. Wand-shaped; slender, straight, 



and erect. 

 Viscid. Glutinous; sticky. 

 Woolly. With long and tortuous or matted 



hairs. 



