PH.YLLACEAE 5 



Gleba borne on a pendent cap hanging from the stem tip 

 An obvious netted veil absent 



Outer surface of cap strongly pitted by reticulated plates Itliyphallus impudicus (p. 12) 



Outer surface of cap not pitted but minutely granular; stalk white /. Ravenelii (p. 11) 



Outer surface not pitted but nearly smooth to longitudinally rugose; stalk red 



/. rubicundus (p. 13) 



An obvious netted veil-like indusium pendent from the stem apex and exposed for some distance 



below the cap Dictyophora duplicata (p. 13) 



CLATHRUS Mich. 



Receptaculum without a single distinct stem, but composed of an inflated hollow 

 network or of several curved columns meeting and fused above; in all cases having the 

 spore-bearing gleba attached to the inner side above as a slimy mass. Odor offensive. 

 Only a few species are known and but two have been found in the eastern United States. 



For other species see Lloyd, Syn. Known Phalloids, p. 54. For literature see under 

 the family. 



There is evidence that both of the following species are poisonous. Farlow reports 

 the killing of hogs within twelve to fifteen hours by C. columnatus in North Carolina 

 (Bot. Gaz. 15:45. 1890). 



Clathrus columnatus Bosc 

 Laternea columnata Nees 



Plates 1 and 105 



Eggs subspherical, about 2.5 cm. thick, bursting above into several flaps to allow 

 the expansion of the receptacle which consists of 2-5 (in our plants 4-5) stout, spongy, 

 curved and very delicate columns with separate, pointed, basal ends which remain in 

 the volva, the distal ends incurved and completely fused into a flat roof from which 

 hangs within the dark slimy mass of the spore-bearing gleba. Color of the receptacle 

 rosy red, the base pale to colorless ; volva watery white, attached at base by a cord-like 

 root. Odor about that of a stink horn, strong and fetid. 



Spores (of No. 4949) smooth, elliptic, minute, 1.8-2.4 x 3.7-4.8ju. 



This plant seems to be entirely southern in its range (but see Saccardo's Sylloge 

 7: 19) and confined to the sandy coastal plain of North Carolina southward. It was 

 originally described from South Carolina and is also known from the Gulf states (see 

 Long, Mycologia 9: 274. 1917). An interesting anomaly is shown by one of our 

 plants (pi. 1). There is a natural perforation on one side at the top just about the 

 center of one of the columns, exactly like the more numerous perforations in C. cancel- 

 latus and in Simblum. For development and microscopic detail, see Burt, Bot. Gaz. 

 22: 273, pis. 21 and 22. 1896. 



Illustrations: Bosc. Mag. der Gesell. naturforschender Freunde Berlin 5: pi. 5, fig. 5. 1811. 

 Burt. As above. 



Fischer. Pfianzenfamilien 1, pt. 1: fig. 120 B. 

 Lloyd. Myc. Works, pi. 92. 

 Lloyd. Phalloids of Australia, fig. 20. 



Moller. Brasilische Pilzblumen, pi. 2, figs. 3 and 4; pi. 7, fig. 17 (as Laternea). 

 Nees von Esenbeck. Syst. Pilze Schw., pi. 36b, fig. 262. 1817. 



