HYSTERANGIACEAE 



Fruit bodies usually subterranean (in Phallogastcr and Protophallus exposed), 

 tuberous to pyriform or spherical, the mycelium basal from a central point or with 

 several scattered fibrils; peridium simple, thin, not intimately connected with the 

 tramal plates, in some cases disappearing by maturity ; gleba very irregularly chambered, 

 the walls more or less obviously radiating from a sterile base which extends upward 

 and outward into plates and strands that do not extend into the peridium; texture 

 toughish, subgelatinous, after maturity deliquescing into a glutinous mass. Basidia 

 elongated; spores 2-S, apical, rough or smooth. 



Of the few genera of this family, Phallogaster and a species each of Gautieria and 

 Bysterangium are the only ones heretofore reported east of California. We are adding 

 Bysterangium clalhroides, a species not before found in the East, and a new species of 

 Gymnomyces. There is no doubt that many other species of this and related families 

 await discovery in the eastern United States. On account of its peculiar interest we 

 are including Protophallus from Jamaica. 



The following genera have been described since Fischer's treatment in Pflanzen- 

 f amilien : 



Mortellia Mattirolo. Malpighia 14: 78. 1900. See Saccardo, Syll. 16: 252. 



Clathrogaster Petri. Malpighia 14: 125. 1900. See Saccardo, Syll. 16: 250. 



Torrendia Bres. Atti dell' R. Acad, di Sc. Lett, ed Arti degli Agiati in Roveredo, 3rd. ser., 8: 132. 



1902. See Saccardo, Syll. 17: 241. 

 Dendrogaslcr Bucholtz. Beitr. Morph. Syst. Hypog., p. 148. 1902. See Saccardo, Syll. 17: 240. 

 Jaczeuskia Mattirolo. Reale Accad. d. Sci. d. Torino, 2nd. ser. 63: 213. 1912. 

 Protophallus Murrill. Mycologia 2: 25. 1910. See our treatment. 

 Callacea Lloyd. Lycoperdaceae of Australia, p. 37: Myc. Notes, p. 1201. See also Cunningham, 



Trans. Brit. Myc. Soc. 9: 193, pis. 9 and 10. 1924. The hollow structure of the mature plant 



is shown by Cunningham not to exist in the younger condition but to be due to gelatinization and 



collapse toward maturity. 

 Phallobala Cunningham. Trans. Xew Zealand Institute 56: 73, pis. 12, 13. 1926. 



Key to the Genera 



Peridium ephemeral, entirely or almost absent from the mature fruit body. 



Spores melon-shaped, with longitudinal ridges Gautieria (p. 21) 



Spores spherical, rough to spiny Gymnomyces (p. 23) 



Peridium present at maturity 



Fruit body not stalked, buried or only partly exposed Bysterangium (p. 17) 



Fruit body entirely exposed 



Fruit body stalked Phallogaster (p. 16) 



Fruit body not stalked and with the exact appearance of a Phalloid "egg" 



Protophallus (Jamaica) (p. 15) 



PROTOPHALLUS Murrill 



Characters of a true Phalloid except for the entire absence of a stalk, the gleba 

 remaining permanently enclosed in the volva until its liberation as a slime by irregular 

 rupture. A monotypic genus known at present only from Jamaica. 



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