LYCOPERDACEAE 71 



Growing on dead wood (rarely on carthl 



Flants pyriform, usually crowded, surface nearly smooth L. pyriforme (p. 79) 



Plants subglobose, rarely touching; the surface of the pcridium becoming marked with distinct 



pits like a thimble L. subincarnatum (p. 80) 



Growing among mosses in meadows and pastures 



Plants distinctly stalked, cortex of minute granular warts and particles. ,L. muscorum (p. 81) 

 Growing on the ground or rotting leaves (rarely on rotten wood) 



Plants of medium size, rarely below 2 cm. thick; subgleba usually well developed; plants not 

 crowded 

 Subgleba at maturity apparently homogeneous, the minute chambers invisible except 



with a lens L. polymorphum (p. 92) 



and L. coloratum (p. 93) 

 Subgleba with obvious chambers 



Cortex of stout, terete, separate spines, mingled with shorter wart-like ones; surface 



reticulated when larger spines fall L. gemmation (p. 82) 



Cortex of pyramidal spines up to 1.5 mm. long which are arranged in groups with the 

 tips united, and which in our form are lavender when fresh; spores with- 

 out a long pedicel, 3.7-4.4/j thick L. Peckii (p. 84) 



Cortex of very slender spines which are single or grouped and convergent at the 



apex, and which fall away with age and leave a smooth, shining surface to 



the inner peridium 



Spines up to 1 mm. long, rather pale; spores with a long persistent pedicel, 



4-5 times as long as the diameter of the spore ... X. pediccllalum (p. 85) 



Spines up to 1 mm. long, brown to deep brown at maturity; spores elliptic, 



4.3-5 x 5-6.5^ L. eximium (p. 86) 



Spines up to 0.5 mm. long, deep brown to black at maturity; easily falling off; 



spores spherical, 4-4.8*i thick L. fuscum (p. 87) 



Cortex a dense coat of short, sharp spines which largely cohere in groups at their 

 tips, the soft tissue supporting them breaking up at maturity into large 

 flakes which fall away above, exposing the inner peridium, which is 

 dull and furfuraceous with minute scales until weathered 



L. marginatum (p. 87) 

 Cortex as above, but each fascicle of spines falling off singly or in small groups from 



above downward L. marginatum, form of woods (p. 87) 



Cortex of minute spinules and granules or scurfy scales which slowly wear away 



L. umbrinum (p. 76) 

 Plants small, rarely up to 2 cm. thick; subgleba scanty or almost absent 



Cortex of rather persistent, crowded spines; plants often crowded L. Curtisii (p. 89) 



Cortex a thin, whitish, scurfy coat, remaining as persistent scales or minute warts upon 

 the pale brown surface of the inner peridium 



Spores short-elliptic to subglobose, smooth L. oblongisporum (p. 91) 



Spores globose, minutely asperulate or varying to smooth L. pusittum (p. 91) 



Mature spore-mass brown or gray-brown, etc., with no distinct tint of purple or olive (this includes 

 certain specimens of species included in the other two sections) . 



Growing on the ground; cortex of minute, soft granules and spicules L. umbrinum (p. 76) 



Growing on wood (very rarely on earth); cortex of minute, harsh warts L. pyriforme (p. 79) 



Lycoperdon atropurpureum Vitt. 



Plates 42 and 112 



Plants up to 3.5 cm. in diameter, depressed-globose or nearly pyriform, plicate 

 below in large squat individuals, and often with a distinct, pointed root. Subgleba 

 large, occupying a third or sometimes nearly a half of the body. Surface light tan, 



