LYCOPERDACEAE 83 



Spores (of Xo. 3159) color of the gleba, usually smoky brown with a tint of 

 olive, spherical, very minutely asperulate, 3.7-4.4^ thick. Capillitium of long, spar- 

 ingly branched, brownish threads, about 5.5/u in thickest places, tapering to about 2/j, 

 heavily encrusted in places, frequently pitted, the color about that of the spores, ap- 

 pearing lighter when the spores are knocked out. 



The plant is peculiar in the variation shown in fragility in various collections. 

 Some are as fragile as Cahatia data, and the peridium easily breaks up into small 

 fragments; in others the peridium is pliable and toughish as is usual in Lycoperdon. 

 Except for the characteristic warts, the more fragile collections could easily be referred 

 to Cahatia data. Furthermore, in some specimens of that species the capillitium does 

 not fragment so readily as in other Calvatias. For cytological information by Maire 

 covering this and other species, see under Sderoderma aurantium. 



Morgan (1. c, p. 13) treats L. perlatum as distinct, but Lloyd thinks he misunder- 

 stood that species. Hollos considers them the same. Figures by Tulasne (Ann. Sci. 

 Nat. 17: pi. 2, fig. 11), as L. perlatum, do not show any roughness on the spores. Under 

 the name L. nigrescens, Lloyd treats an American plant that he considers "really a 

 form of gemmation excepting that the stiff spines are not consolidated" (Myc. Notes, 

 p. 229). The European plant with blacker warts he refers to on pages 212 and 338 

 (see his plates 47, 60, and 123), and in his last reference he considers it less like L. 

 gemmatum than he had formerly supposed. The American plants above mentioned as 

 L. nigrescens may be the same as those we refer to L. Peckii. It seems clear that the 

 original L. excipuUforme Scop, is only a form of L. gemmatum, as treated by Fries and 

 Lloyd. The name has also been applied, apparently without reason, to a form of L. 

 pyrijorme and apparently to a form of Cahatia saccata. A European plant (Herbarium 

 of Klotzsch), received from Ryks Herbarium at Leiden as Lycoperdon gemmatum (No. 

 58), has the external appearance of that plant, but is peculiar in having very small, 

 smooth spores, 2.3-3.2/x thick. We have found one cespitose group of plants very 

 much like this: spores nearly as small (2.8-3. 7/x) and nearly smooth (Linville Falls, 

 No. 8221). 



Illustrations: Dufour. Atlas des Champ. Comest. et Ven., pi. 74, No. 167. 1891. 

 Fries. Sverig. Atl. Svamp., pi. 73, fig. 2. 1861. 

 Gibson. Our Edible Toadstools and Mushrooms, pi. 34. 

 Gillet. Champ. Fr. (Gasteromycetes), pi. 12. 

 Hard. Mushrooms, pi. 61. 

 Hollos. 1. c, pi. 19, figs. 14-25. 

 Krieger. Xat. Geog. Mag. 37: 414. 1920. 



Lloyd. Myc. Works, pi. 46; also Lycoperdaceae of Australia, etc., fig. 35. 1905. 

 Micheli. Nova Tlant. Gen., pi. 97, fig. 1. 

 Michael. Fiihrerf. Pilzfreunde 1: Xo. 79. 1918 (2nd ed.). 

 Sweetzer. Univ. Oregon Leaflet, Bot. Ser. Xo. 9, fig. 1. 

 The figure by Murrill in Mycologia 1: pi. 15, fig. 3, 1909, is not this species. 



500. On a piece of rotting wood, Oct. 4, 1912. Spores minutely warted, 3.5-4.4m thick. 



502. Around and on roots of a cedar tree, Oct. 5, 1912. Spores in this collection slightly rougher than 



in others. 

 1403. In rich damp places in the edge of woods, Oct. 22, 1914. Spores 3.7^1.5^ thick, rarely with a 



short pedicel. 

 1784. Among dead leaves on Lone Pine Hill, Sept. 14, 1915. Spores 3.5-4.2m thick. 

 Also Xos. 554, 677, 678, 731, 2990, 3159. 



