104 THE GASTEROMYCETES OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA 



Destree, Caroline. Revision des Geaster observes dans les Pays-Bas. Neederlandsch Kruidkundig 



Archief, 2nd. ser., 6: 488. 1895. 

 De Toni. Revisio monographica generis Geasteris, Mich. Rev. Myc. 9: 61, 125, pi. 2. 1887. 

 Lloyd. The Geastrae, figs. 1-80. Cincinnati, 1902. 



Lloyd. New Notes on the Geasters. Myc. Notes No. 25: 309, figs. 144-149 and pis. 94-101. 1907. 

 Morgan. The North American Geasters. Amer. Nat. 18: 963, figs. 1-12. 1884. 

 Morgan. New American Geasters. Journ.Myc. 1: 7. 1885. Condensed from above paper. 

 Morgan. Journ. On. Soc. Nat. Hist. 12: 12, pis. 1, 2. 1889. 

 Morgan. The Genus Geaster. Amer. Nat. 21: 1026, figs. 1-2. 1887. 

 Petri. Flora Italica Cryptogama (Gasterales),Fasc. 5: 67. 1909. 

 Rea. British Geasters. Trans. Brit. Myc. Soc. 3: 351, pis. 17-19. 1911. 

 Rick. Die Gattung Geaster und ihre Arten. Bot. Centralb. 27, Abt. n: 375, figs. 1, 2. 1910. 

 Scherffel. Bemerkungen iiber Geaster-Aiten. Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 14: 312, pi. 19. 1896. 

 Smith. Two species of Geaster. Grevillea 2: 35, pis. 13 and 14, fig. 1. 1873. 

 Smith. British Geasters. Grevillea 2: 76, pis. 13-17 and 19-20. 1873. 

 Tulasne, L. R. and Ch. Sur les genres Polysaccum et Geaster. Ann. Sci. Nat., 2nd. ser., 18: 129. 



1842. 

 Woodward. An essay towards an history of the British stellated Lycoperdons. Trans. Linn. Soc, 



London 2: 32, 323. 1794. 



Rey to the Species 



Peristome not truly sulcate, i.e., not regularly ridged and grooved throughout the extent of the peris- 

 tome; irregularly wrinkled and crumpled only in G. Morganii 

 Mouth area distinct as a silky zone of different texture and often of different color, but not outlined 

 by a sharp narrow groove (in G. subiculosus the mouth area is scarcely distinct) ; spore sac 

 without glistening particles and, if stalked, the stalk short and thick; button exposed or, 

 if submerged, the outer coat not holding earth or trash to any extent and the mycelium 

 attached only by the center of the base; expanded plant saccate or convex below or im- 

 perfectly to typically fornicate 

 Rays not hygroscopic, i. e., not incurved over or around the spore sac when dry or expanding 

 when wet 

 Outer surface smooth and glabrous or with the texture of soft leather (rarely scaly); 

 button with a distinct, narrow point 

 Outer layer of rays tending to crack into longitudinal strips or less often into irregular 

 plates, slightly if at all separating from the middle layer; base saccate or plane 



or less often concave below; mouth not wrinkled G. triplex (p. 106) 



Outer layer of rays stripping off on the central region and over the proximal part of 

 the rays and remaining convex below, the inner layer arching upward and 

 elevating the spore sac (pseudofornicate) ; mouth not wrinkled 



G. Umbatus (p. 107) 



Outer layer and shape of plant as in G. triplex, but outer layer tending to peel off in 



irregular flakes; mouth irregularly wrinkled or crumpled (pseudosulcate) 



G. Morganii (p. 109) 

 Outer layer soft, not cracking into strips, but with some tendency at times to peel 

 from the rays; mouth not wrinkled; plants small (at least in the N. American 

 form) 



Spores 3.4-4.8ju thick G. saccatus (p. 110) 



Spores 2.2-3.5/i thick Northern form of G. saccatus (p. Ill) 



Outer surface pale buff, nearly or quite glabrous, with the texture of leather; peristome 

 scarcely distinct; dry button blunt, with a low broad umbo, or the top umbilicate; 



spores smooth, 2-3/x G. subiculosus, sense of Lloyd (p. 118) 



Outer surface not glabrous, but tomentose, strigose or spongy; button not pointed 



Plants medium to large; outer surface minutely felted-tomentose, rather harsh, pale 



Expanded plant saccate; spores 2.5-3.3^ G. velutinus (p. 113) 



Expanded plant fornicate; spores 3.8-4.8^ G. radicans (p. 115) 



