182 THE GASTEROMYCETES OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA 



with a rather thick white tunica which frequently ruptures. Under the tunica is the 

 thin black layer composed of slender filamentous dark brown cells mixed with a large 

 amount of granular, amorphous material. Beneath this is a thicker layer (95-1 15m) 

 composed of hyaline, thick-walled, sclerotic cells, hard and horny when dry but much 

 softer when soaked for several hours. Nest comes the hymenium which is peculiar 

 in that the old basidia and intermediate cells also become thick and sclerotic after spore 

 formation (see fig. by Sachs, 1. c, and our fig. 8). The funiculus is composed of a 

 delicate fascicle of long, thick-walled, hyaline threads which are rarely branched, and 

 which have at intervals peculiar joints. At maturity many of the funiculi may have 

 disappeared, and the peridioles be held in only by a small amount of mucus. 



Spores (of No. 647) hyaline, elliptic or oval-elhptic, and varying greatly in size, 

 3.5-5.5 x 4.3-8.6/i. Basidia (of No. 5277) long-clavate, about 3.7yu thick at the swollen 

 tip, with 2-4 spores on distinct, slender sterigmata. 



A very common and widely distributed plant, growing on wood, twigs and other 

 vegetable matter. Referring to Lloyd's remark that it rarely if ever occurs on large 

 logs, we have several collections from the bark of logs and living trees (Nos. 35, 1534, 

 2904, 2986 and 2987a). One collection (No. 2904) is on sound bark from a large 

 hickory log. The cups of this collection are a little larger than the average, but agree 

 in other respects. Lloyd has seen the type of C. fimetarius DC. and considers it the 

 same as Crucibulum vulgare (Myc. Notes, p. 291). 



Illustrations: Eidam. 1. c, pi. 10, figs. 23-30. 



Fries, Th. C. E. Sveriges Gasteromyceter, fig. 33. 



Hard. Mushrooms, fig. 444. 



Hollos. 1. c, pi. 28, figs. 23-26. 



Lloyd. The Nidulariaceae, pi. 104. 1906. 



Lloyd. Photogravure of Am. Fungi, No. 7. 



Micheli. Nova Plant. Gen., pi. 102, fig. 3. 



Michael. Fuhrer f. Pilzfreunde 2: No. 205. 1918 (2nd ed.). 



Murrill. Mycologia 3: pi. 40, fig. 12. 1911. 



Nees von Esenbeck. Syst. Pilze Schw., pi. 13, fig. 133A-B. 



Sachs. 1. c, pis. 13, 14. 



Sturm. Deutsch. Fl. Pilze 1: pi. 23 (as Cyathus crucibulum). 1814. 



Walker. I.e., pis. 5, 6. 



White. 1. c, pi. 16, figs. 10-15; pi. 18, figs. 7-13 and 16. 



35. On dead bark of a live cedar tree about 2-3 feet from ground in Battle's Park, Jan. 15, 1909. 

 647. On pile of trash, Oct. 21, 1912. 



2904. On sound bark of hickory log, Oct. 10, 1917. Spores 4-6.5 x 6.5-10yu. 

 7440. On f rondose twigs in Arboretum, July 20, 1924. 

 Also Nos. 67, 1534, 29S6, 2987a, 3375, 3865, 5277. 



Salem. (Schw. Herb., as N. crucibulum.) 



Asheville. Eeardslee. 



Pink Bed Valley. Murrill and House, colls. (N. Y. B. G. Herb.). 



Blowing Rock. Coker. No. 5711. 



Waynesville. Standley, coll. (U. S. Nat'l. Herb.). 



Alabama. Auburn. Earle, coll. (N. Y. B. G. Herb.). 



Virginia. Mountain Lake. Murrill, coll. (N. Y. B. G. Herb.). 



Pennsylvania. Bethlehem. (Schw. Herb., as type of N. Juglandicola, and as N. crucibulum.) 



Ohiopyle. Ricker, coll. (U. S. Nat'l. Herb.) . 

 New York. Murrill, coll. (N. Y. B. G. Herb.). 



