7S 



EARTHS. CALCAREOUS. i|. Tophus, 



Osfeomla, Calcareous, more or lefs cylindrical, perforated. 



Fhlohph. TranJad.iJ/^.i^. p. 37S, 



Syji. nat, xri. 3 />. 189. ». 6. 



Stnladites calcareo arenolus. Wall, fyfi. 2. p. 332, «, 6. 



Found in various parts of Germany, and cHewhere, both m 

 brooks and under beds of faud, irom the fjze of a crow-quil! 

 to the thicknefs of a man^s arm : white or afh-colour, lome- 

 thing in the fiiape of a bone, and was furm-crly fuppofed to 

 have the quality of uniting broken bones. It is ra^-ftly i\\ 

 long cylindrical pieces foinctimes irregularly tuhuiar and 

 porous, fomvtimes fi'led up with a marly earth rnixed with 

 fand, with often the remain? of decayed roots ox trees in Vt 

 centre. ' The incfuft.^tionb do not appear in regular concentric 

 layers, but confill of thin ftrata fpiraHy rolled up : when hrll. 

 found in the earth, it is foft and du6ti!e, but in a very fhort 

 time it hardens by expofiire to the air : c nfiib of fand and 

 earth cemented by a calcareous depofuron, 



insrustans. Inerurting an?mal and vegetable Aibfiances with a calca- 

 reous coating and affuming their figure. 



StaJa^Slites vegetab. incruft Sji/Lnai. xii, 3.^. 183. ». i. 



Stalaftites calcareus. Wall /yji.min 2. /». 380. «, 5, 



Stala(5i:itic Tufa. Kirix'an mineral. »./>. 180. 



Found in various parts of 6VWf//, Germany^ Italy ^ &:^. clothing 

 Avith a calcareous coat the fmaller branches of trees, leaves, 

 piickles, mofs, plants^, crabs, eggs, birds and their nefts, 

 preventing them from decay by defending them from the 

 aflion of the atmofpheric air. Moft of thole fuirilances, 

 which are commonly called pctrifa6tiorj3, are of Uiis fpc- 

 cie^. 



Itcheium, |ncrufi:lng the bottom and fides of vedels. In which water 



has been boiled 

 Tophus calcar. Icbetum. «.Sr/? nat. xii. 3.;^. 188. «. 12» 

 Tophus fuilhilis. Wall. J-iji . min . 2 p 392, ». 15. 

 Found on the bottom and round the fides of Tea-kettles, and 

 other veiTels in which water has been often boiled, forming a 

 thin hard incruiution. It is formed in mtich greater quan- 

 tities from fpring th-<n from rain water, and is leldom with- 

 out a portion of filica. 



Pentium, Forming incruftations on decayed teeth. 



Found in fcales, plates or irreguhrly fhaped lompson decaying 

 teeth, and feems to be formed by depofition, in the fame 

 manner as the cru.t in tea-kettles. Its furface is very rough, 

 and more or lefs porous. 



^hermaJis. Covering the bottom and fides of the receptacles and canals 



of warm baths. 

 Tophus calcareu^ granulatus. Syjl, nat» xii. 3»^. 189, ». 13* 



