GENERAL KEY TO FAMILIES 



27 



(a) Asci disappearing early; disk with a 



mazaedium 



(b) Asci persistent; mazaedium lacking 



X. Thallus cottony, cobwebby or spongy; 



algae yellow-green 

 y. Thallus more or less distinctly gelati- 

 nous; algae blue-green 

 z. Thallus firm, layered, neither cottony 

 nor gelatinous 

 (x) Thallus of two kinds, one horizontal, 



the other erect, i. e., a podetium 

 (y) Thallus of one kind only, horizon- 

 tal or erect 

 m. Spores typically 2-celled and bigut- 

 tulate, with a thickened septum, 

 usually traversed by a narrow 

 canal 

 n. Spores without thickened septum and 

 intersecting canal* 

 (m) Apothecia sunken or grown to 

 the thallus on the whole under- 

 side 

 (n) Apothecia typically superficial 

 when mature, not attached 

 broadly 

 r. Apothecia with proper exciple 

 s. Apothecia with thalline exciple 

 2. Pericarp without definite opening, merely 

 breaking irregularly or decaying at maturity; 

 mostly hypogean 



a. Ascoma not hypogean, opening more or less 



regularly; gleba typically with capillitium 



b. Ascoma hypogean, not opening spontaneously 



(1) Gleba powdery, usually with capillitium 



(2) Gleba firm, loculate, lacunose or veined, 



without capillitium 

 B. Asci exposed or with a loose hyphal pericarp 



1. Asci solitary or in irregular masses 



a. Asci solitary, on or in mycelial threads, naked 



or with an individual hyphal wall 



(1) Asci naked 



(a) Asci terminal or lateral on a branched 



septate mycelium 



(b) Asci intercalary or continuous in a short 



budding mycelium 



(2) Asci with an individual hyphal wall, ter- 



minal on the branches of a septate 

 mycelium 



b. Asci in masses, enclosed by a loose hyphal 



peridium, the latter sometimes sclerotioid 



2. Asci forming a hymenium-like layer 



a. Paraphyses and hypothecium present, or one 



or the other occasional!)' lacking 



b. Paraphyses and hypothecium both lacking 



Caliciaceae p. 119 



Chrysotrichaceae p. 120 

 Collemaceae p. 121 



Cladoniaceae p. 126 



Physciaceae p. 132 



Peltigeraceae p. 123 



Lecideaceae p. 124 

 Parmeliaceae p. 127 



Tuberales p. 144 

 Onygenaceae p. 144 

 Elaphomycetaceae p. 145 

 Tuberaceae p. 145 

 Gymnascales p. 45 



Endomycetaceae p. 46 

 Saccharomycetaceae p. 47 



Monascaceae p. 48 



Gymnascaceae p. 48 

 Agyriales p. 141 



Agyriaceae p. 142 

 Exascaceae p. 143 



