7e SPHAERIALES 



Phaeoscoleciae 

 Spores dark 



A. Perithecia separate, innate, beaked Exilispora 



B. Perithecia immersed in an effuse superficial 



strorna, not beaked Maurya 14:620 



Family 27. HYPOCREACEAE 



2:447, 9:941, 11:354, 14:621, 16:559, M -.111 , 22:443, 24:447 



Perithecia innate or superficial, typically globoid, occasionally flask-shaped or 

 cylindric, regularly ostiolate, rarely astomous, sometimes beaked, wall typically fleshy 

 and bright-colored, usually reddish, more rarely yellow, whitish or blue, single, 

 cespitose or composite in a stroma; mycelium scanty and immersed, or producing a 

 subicle or stroma; asci, paraphyses and spores various, as in Sphaeriaceae. 



As a rule, the Hypocreaceae are readily distinguished from the Sphaeriaceae by 

 the fleshy bright-colored perithecia. These criteria, together with the presence 

 of a distinct perithecial wall, serve also to separate them from Dothideaceae. The 

 Perisporiales differ in being typically astomous and in the wall being at most soft- 

 membranous or slimy, never truly fleshy, though occasionally bright-colored. Per- 

 haps the greatest difificulty comes in distinguishing Hypocreaceae from the per- 

 sistently innate Sphaeriaceae of folicole habit, in which the wall is often soft- 

 membranous, but never truly fleshy and bright-colored, and from such stromate 

 forms as Xylaria and Hypoxylum of more or less fleshy texture when fresh, but 

 usually dark-colored. 



The Hypocreaceae are regarded as derived directly from the Sphaeriaceae, under 

 conditions permitting a larger or more assured water-supply, though a few may have 

 sprung from Perisporiales. This line of evolution comes to an end in the group 

 without giving rise to other families. 



Allantosporae 



17:778, 24:640 

 Spores 1-celled, botuliform, hyaline or subhyaline 

 One genus Allantonectria 17:778; 15 



Hyalosporae 



2:477, 9:941, 11:354, 14:621, 16:559, 17:778, 22:443, 24:448 



Spores 1-celled, globose to oblong, hyaline or subhyaline, not yellow, olive or 

 brown. 



A. Perithecia separate 



1. Perithecia innate, or finally more or less erum- 



pent 



a. Asci 8-spored 



(1) Spores globose; paraphyses present Mycaureola 



(2) Spores not globose; paraphyses lacking Hyponectria 2:4-55 



b. Asci many-spored; algal hosts often present Thelocarpum 9:946, Z 213 



2. Perithecia superficial or nearly so 



a. Spores hemispheric, spiny Clistosoma A:195, 9:943 



b. Spores not hemispheric and spiny 



(1) Perithecia hairy Notarisiella 2; 452; 15 



(2) Perithecia glabrous Nectriella 2:448 



