104 PHACIDIALES 



Phaeophragmiae 

 2:743, 9:1108. 11:387, 14:715, 16:664, 17:907, 22:567, 24:1116 

 Spores x-celled, dark, oblong to cylindric 

 ,\. Apothecia innate, submembranous Hypodermopsis 17:908 



B. Apothecia erumpent to superficial 



1. Apothecia carbonoiis or subcarbonous 



a. Apothecia upright, conchiform, fragile Mytilidium 2:760, 765, R 7, 23; 



22 



b. Apothecia liorizontal, not concliiform, firm Hysterium 2:743, R 5, 13; 22 



2. Apothecia corious or subcorncous Tryblidiella 2:757 



Hyalodictyae 



2:772, 9:1116, 11:389, 14:717, 16:668, 17:909, 22:570, 24:1119 



Spores muriform, hyaline or subhyaline, ovoid to oblong 



A. Apothecia innate, concrete with epiderm, mem- 



branous; spores with mucous sheath Hysteropsis 9:1118, R 30, 36 



B. Apothecia erumpcnt-superficial, carbonous; spores 



without mucous sheath Gloniopsis 2:772, R 17 



i'haeodictyae 



2:776, 9:1119, 11:389, 14:717, 16:668, 17:912, 22:573, 24:1120 



Spores muriform, dark, ovoid to oblong 



A. Apothecia innate, membranous, thin Graphyllium 16:1145, 17:913; 22 



B. Apothecia crumpent-superficial, carbonous or 



corio-carbonous, firm Hysterographium 2:776, R 6, 



16; 22 

 Scolecosporae 

 2:784, 9:1123, 11:389, 14:719, 16:669, 17:713, 22:574, 24:1123 

 Spores acicular to filiform, hyaline or dark, continuous or septate 



A. Apothecia innate or erumpent 



1. Apothecia membranous, elongate, applanate; 



paraphyses typically simple, hooked at tip Lophodermium 2:791, R 31, 37; 



22 



2. Apothecia corious, conic-discoid; paraphyses 



much branched above Ostropa 2:804, R 186, 187 



B. Apothecia superficial 



1. Apothecia horizontal, elongate Hadotia 22:574 



2. Apothecia vertical, conchiform or dolabriform Lophium 2:799, R 7, 26; 22 



Family 38. GRAPHIDACEAE 



Zahlbruckner 102(87) 



Mycelium parasitic on yellow-green algae, forming a crustose, foliose or fruti- 

 cose thallus, the latter sometimes immersed or lacking, and the mycelium then para- 

 sitic on lichens or bark; apothecia single, cespitose or united in a stroma, typically 

 oblong to elongate with a cleft, more rarely disk-shaped and with an irregular 

 often stellate opening, more or less carbonous. 



The sole distinction between this family and the Hysteriaceae, as well as cer- 

 tain hysterioid Discomycetes, lies in the presence of algal hosts and thus typically 

 of a thallus. Species with rudimentary or obsolete thallus must be sought in both 

 places, and it is necessary to place several genera in two different families. 



The above pages refer respectively to the second and first editions of Zahl- 

 bruckner's monograph, and those in the key to the second. 



