PATELLARIACEAE 



117 



Scolecosporae 



8:646, 14:805, 16:775, 18:145, 22:12,2, 24:1243 



Spores acicular to filiform, typically hyaline 



Ophiogloea 18:145 



A. Apothecia with an exciple 



1. Apothecia pilose; spores very long filiform 



2. Apothecia not pilose; spores acicular 



a. Apothecia clavate-cylindric, on a subicle Holwaya 8:646; 26 



b. Apothecia not clavate-cylindric or on a subicle Orthoscypha 



B. Apothecia without an exciple Agyriopsis 14:805 



Family 44. PATELLARIACEAE 

 Rehm 277 



Apothecia mostly superficial from the first, more rarely innate-erumpent, cupu- 

 late to discoid, sometimes boat-shaped or oblong, opening circularly, typically 

 smooth, usually dark or black, carbonous, leathery or corneous; hypothecium typi- 

 cally well-developed, thick, epithecium rarely lacking; asci clavate to cylindric, usually 

 8-spored, paraphyses and spores various. 



This family is to be distinguished from the Dermateaceae chiefly by the fact 

 that the apothecia are typically superficial rather than erumpent, but several genera 

 are more or less intermediate in this respect. The corneous forms approach the 

 Bulgariaceae closely, while the waxy apothecia pass readily into Helotiaceae. The 

 relationship to the lichens is close, and the main line of evolution of the lichens is 

 thought to have sprung from this family. It is practically certain that a considerable 

 number of natural genera are artificially divided into lichen and non-lichen groups, 

 and the tendency in the family is further shown by the numerous lichenicole genera. 



Hyalosporae 



8:769, 10:52, 11:433, 14:818, 16:791, 18:165, 22:752, 24:1272 

 Spores 1-celled, hyaline, globose to oblong 



A. Asci 8-spored; spores not globose 



1. Apothecia oblong to elongate, cleft 



2. Apothecia round 



a. Apothecia lichenicole 



(1) Apothecia with an exciple 



(2) Apothecia without an exciple 



b. Apothecia not lichenicole 



(1) Paraphyses branched, forming an epi- 



thecium 



(a) Asci saccate to clavate 

 X. Subicle present, radiate 

 y. Subicle lacking 



(b) Asci narrow, cylindric 



(2) Paraphyses simple, epithecium none 



B. Asci many-spored; spores globose 



Placographa 22:753, R 313 



Rhymbocarpus 14:819 

 Nesolechia 10:53, R 315 



Actinoscypha 8:774 

 Patinella 8:769, R 310; 27 

 Starbaeckia 10:53 

 Psilothecium 18:168; 27 

 Biatorella 8:469, R 303; 27 



Apothecia patellate, margined, black 



Phaeosporae 



10:55, 22:754, 24:1276 

 Spores 1-celled, dark, ovoid to ellipsoid 



Lagerheimia 10:55 



