PARMELIACEAE 



127 



2. Podetia funnelform, cupulate, filiform or more or 

 less ramose, large as a rule 



a. Spores 1-celled; podetia mostly hollow; 



cephalodia lacking 



b. Spores x-celled or muriform; podetia solid; 



cephalodia present 



(1) Spores x-celled 



(2) Spores muriform 



B. Apothecia with thalline exciple 



1. Spores 1-celled 



2. Spores x-celled 



Cladonia 205; 30 



Stereocaulum 208; 30 

 Argopsis 209; 30 



Lachnocaulum 208 

 Chlorocaulum 208 



Subfamily Lecanorae 



Family 51. PARMELIACEAE 



Zahlbruckner. 220, 217, 213, 136, 144, 229, 238, 175, 182 



Thallus of one kind, podetia lacking, firm, not gelatinous, crustose, scaly, 

 foliose or fruticose, often with rhizoids, typically layered, algae usually yellow- 

 green, but blue-green in two subfamilies; apothecia characterized by a thalline 

 exciple, which is sometimes lacking, superficial, rarely immersed. 



A. Thallus typically crustose, sometimes scaly or 

 lobed at the margin 

 1. Thallus with Pleurococcus or Palmella, rarely 

 Protococcus 

 a. Asci mostly 8-spored, 1-32-spored, but not 

 myriosporous 

 (1) Disk conspicuous, not more or less closed 

 and perithecioid 



(a) Spores 1-celled 

 X. Asci 1-8-spored 



(x) Paraphyses simple, free 

 m. Spores straight, elliptic to oblong 

 (m) Thallus bright yellow; pycnoco- 



nidia elliptic 

 (n) Thallus rarely bright yellow; 

 pycnoconidia more or less 

 cylindric 

 r. Cortex pseudoparenchymic 

 s. Cortex not pseudoparenchymic 

 n. Spores crescentic to falcate; thallus 

 uniformly pseudoparenchymic 

 (y) Paraphyses ramose and united 

 y. Asci many-spored 



(b) Spores 2-celled 

 X. Paraphyses simple, free 



(x) Sterigmata exobasidial 

 (y) Sterigmata endobasidial 

 m. Thallus uniform, crustose 

 n. Thallus lobed at margin 

 y. Paraphyses ramose, united 



(c) Spores x-celled 

 X. Apothecia superficial 



(x) Asci 1-8-spored 

 m. Thallus with cortex 

 n. Thallus without cortex 



Candelariella 228 



Psoroma 180; 31 

 Lecanora 221; 31 



Harpidium 221 

 Ochrolechia 225 

 Myriolecis 223 



Lecania 226 



Icmadophila 226; 31 

 Solenopsora 227 

 Calenia 144 



Haematomma 227 



