132 



PEZIZALES 



Family 52. PHYSCIACEAE 



Zahlbruckner 247-256 (226-234) 

 Thallus crustose, foliose or fruticose, as in Parmeliaceae; apotliecia mostly 

 with thalline exciple, sometimes with proper exciple alone; spores normally 2-celled, 

 with more or less thickened cross-wall often traversed by a line-like canal con- 

 necting polar guttae, or sometimes 1-x-celled or muriform. 



A. Spores 2-celled, rarely 1-cclled 



1. Spores hyaline 



a. Thallus without cortex, uniform or crustose 



(1) Apothecia with thalline exciple 



(2) Apothecia with proper exciple only 



(a) Spores 1-celled 



(b) Spores 2-celled 



(c) Spores x-celled 



b. Thallus with cortex, foliose or fruticose 



(1) Thallus foliose, spreading, dorsiventral, 



with rhizoids 



(2) Thallus fruticose, erect 



(a) Algae Protococcus; no central solid 



strand 



(b) Algae Pleurococcus; central solid strand 



present 



2. Spores dark 



a. Thallus without cortex, uniform or crustose 



(1) Apothecia with thalline exciple 



(a) Asci 8-spored 



(b) Asci many-spored 



(2) Apothecia with proper exciple only 



b. Thallus with cortex, foliose or fruticose 



(1) Upper cortex of perpendicular hyphae, 



pseudoparenchymic 



(a) Apothecia with thalline exciple 

 X. Hypothecium hyaline 



y. Hypothecium black 



(b) Apothecia with proper exciple only 



(2) Upper cortex of hyphae parallel with long 



axis, not pseudoparenchymic; apothecia 

 with thalline exciple 



B. Spores x-celled 



1. Spores hyaline 



a. Thallus without cortex, uniform or crustose 



(1) Apothecia with thalline exciple 



(2) Apothecia with proper exciple only 



b. Thallus with cortex, fruticose 



2. Spores dark 



a. Thallus without cortex, uniform or crustose 



(1) Apothecia with thalline exciple 



(2) Apothecia with proper exciple only 



b. Thallus with cortex, foliose; exciple proper 



C. Spores muriform, dark 



1. Thallus without cortex, uniform or crustose 



2. Thallus with cortex, foliose 



Caloplaca 249; 32 



Protoblastenia 248 

 Blastenia 248 

 Bombyliospora 249 



Xanthoria 251; 32 



Theloschistes 251; 32 

 Lethariopsis 253 



Rinodina 254; 32 

 Pleorinis 254 

 Buellia 253; 30 



Physcia 257; 32 

 Dirinaria 257 

 Pyxine 256 



Anaptychia 258; 32 



Meroplacis 250 

 Xanthocarpia 

 Niorma 252 



Merorinis 256 

 Diplotomma 

 Phragmopyxine 257 



Dictyorinis 256 

 Hyperphyscia 258 



