PLATE 32 

 PARMELIACEAE— PHYSCIACEAE 



(a. Habit xl; b. Ascus, paraphyses and spores x500; c. Section of 

 apothecium; except as otherwise indicated) 



1. Parmelia conspersa (Ehrh.) Ach. 



(Zahlbr. Nat. Pfl. p. 2Zl, after Reinke) 



2. Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. 



(Merrill Lich. Exs. no. 116) 



3. Alectoria ochroleuca (Ehrh.) Nyl. 



(Lind. Flecht. 199:255) 



4. Dufourea madreporiformis (Wulf.) Ach. 



(Id. 199:253) 



5. Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. 



(Id. 199:250) 



6. Usnea florida (L.) Hoffm. 



(Zahlbr. lb. p. 246) 



a. (After Reinke) 



7. Pannaria pezizoides (Web.) Lightf. 



(Lind. lb. 142:183) 



8. Ramalina calicaris (L.) Fr. 



(Fink Lich. Minn. pi. 40, after Schneider) 



b. x650 



9. Lepidocollema carassense Wain. 



(Zahlbr. lb. p. 178, after Reinke) 

 a. x3 



c. xl60 



10. Caloplaca aurantiaca (Lightf.) Th. Fr. 



(Lich. Bor. Am. no. 46) 

 a. x5 



11. Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr. 



(Merrill Lich. Exs. no. 133) 



12. Theloschistes chrysophthalmus (L.) Norm. 



a. Group of apothecia enlarged (Zahlbr. lb. p. Zbl) 



b. (Lich. Bor. Am. no. 84) 



13. Rinodina sophodes (Ach.) Th. Fr. 



(Dec. N. A. Lich. no. 169) 



c." (Lind. lb. 231:283) 



14. Physcia stellaris (L.) Nyl. 



(Dec. N. A. Lich. no. 12) 



c. x35 



15. Anaptychia leucomelaena (L.) Wain. 



(Zahlbr. lb. p. 258) 



