Methods and Philosophy 87 



Die Analyse der Empfindungen und das Verhaltniss des Physischen zum Psychi- 

 schen {1st ed.?; 2nd, Jena 1900; 6th, 1911); Analysis of sensations and the relation 

 of the physical to the psychical (Chicago 1897; revised 1914; Isis 3, 369). 



Erkenntnis und Irrtum. Skizzen zur Psychologic der Forschung (Leipzig 1905, 

 5th ed. 1926). 



As to the third one, Karl Pearson (1857-1936), he was a mathematician, but 

 one with very broad scientific interests, and one of the first to try to apply mathe- 

 matical methods to biology (Biometrika 1901-35). His Grammar of science was 

 first published in London 1892; increased editions in 1900, 1911. A somewhat re- 

 duced edition was included in Everyman's library in 1937. 



The books published in the twentieth century will be listed in the alphabetical 

 order of the authors' names. Such an order is logical disorder, but any kind of logical 

 order would introduce superfluous difficulties. Books on the methods and philosophy 

 of science cover a very long range, the whole gamut extending from philosophy 

 ( epistemology, logic, metaphysics) on one end to technicalities at the other; more- 

 over, their philosophical points of view vary greatly, to the point of mutual contradic- 

 tion. 



Many of the books listed below seem to be restricted to physics, but the scope 

 of physics is so broad that such books are really concerned with the philosophy of 

 science, or, at any rate, with the philosophy of inorganic sciences. 



Abro, A. d': 



1927: The evolution of scientific thought from Newton to Einstein (revised ed. 

 New York 1950; Isis 42, 70). 



1939: The decline of mechanism in modern physics (988 p.. New York; Isis 32, 

 380-82). 



Bachelard, Gaston (1884- ): 



1927: Essai sur la connaissance approchee (312 p., Paris; Isis 11, 522). 



1932: Le pluralisme coherent de la chimie moderne (Paris; Isis 19, 233-35). 



1933: Les intuitions atomistiques (162 p., Paris; Isis 21, 443). 



1934: Le nouvel esprit scientifique (180 p., Paris). — Reprinted 1937. 



1938: La formation de I'esprit scientifique, contribution a une psychoanalyse de 

 la connaissance objective (256 p., Paris; Isis 40, 283-85). — Reprinted 1947. 



1940: La philosophic du non, essai d'une philosophic du nouvel esprit scientifique 

 (145 p., Paris). 



Bachelard is professor of the history and philosophy of science at the Sorbonne. 



Barry, Frederick (1876-1943): 



1927: The scientific habit of thought. An informal discussion of the source and 

 character of dependable knowledge (371 p.. New York; Isis 14, 265-68; 34, 339-40). 



The author was trained as a chemist and taught the history of science in Columbia 

 University. 



Bavink, Bemhard (1879-1947): 



1932: The natural sciences. An introduction to the scientific philosophy of to- 

 day. Translated from the 4th German edition with additional notes (696 p., 87 ill.. 

 New York; Isis 26, 565). 



The original German text was first pubfished in 1914; 2nd ed. 1921, 5th ed. 

 1933, 8th ed. 1945, 9*^ ed. (822 p., Ziirich 1948), posthumously edited by M. Fierz. 



Benjamin, A. Cornelius: 



1936: The logical structure of science (344 p., London; Isis 29, 461-64). 

 1937: Introduction to the philosophy of science (485 p., New York; Isis 29, 

 464-69). 



The author is professor of philosophy in the University of Chicago. 



Bom, Max ( 1882- ) : 



1943: Experiment and theory in physics (48 p., Cambridge; Isis 35, 261, 263). 

 1949: Natural philosophy of cause and change (224 p., London). 

 The author is a German physicist. 



