Institutes, Museums, Libraries 267 



ROXJEN 



Musee Flaubert et d'histoire de la medecine: 



Located in the Hotel-Dieu (51 rue de Lecat). Catalogue published by R. M. 

 Martin (Rouen 1947). Arch, internat. hist. sci. 1949, 2, 807. 



GERMANY 



— Berlin — 



1928: Forschungsinstitut fiir Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften: 



This institute founded in 1928 is an expansion of the Heidelberg institute organ- 

 ized by RusKA. The first director of the Berlin institute was also Julius Ruska. 



The first annual report was published in Berfin, 1928, the second and third in 

 1929 and 1930. I have no other (official) report. As the name "Forschungsinsti- 

 tut" indicates, the institute was conceived as a "research institute" (with emphasis 

 on "research"; of course, every decent institute is a research institute. What else 

 could it be? commercial? ) ; it was also conceived as a kind of German super-institute 

 on a grand scale, and it was equipped in the best manner. 



In 1929, this Institute was merged with a medical institute under the common 

 title Institut fiir Geschichte der Medizin und der Natxirwissenschaften ( note that the 

 word Forschungsinstitut has been replaced by Institut). Paul Diepgen, who was 

 professor of the history of medicine in Freiburg i. Br. was called on 2 Oct. 1929 to 

 direct the new institute. 



According to a statement by Walter Artelt (Mitt. 36, 281-84, 1937), the 

 Institute located in Universitatstrasse Sb (close to the Preussische Staatsbibliothek 

 and to the Universitatsbibhothek ) , extended to 21 rooms, and the staff consisted of a 

 Director (Diepgen), 3 divisional chiefs, 2 assistants, 2 sub-assistants, 1 librarian, 

 2 secretaries and 1 helper; it had a library of c. 30,000 volumes. The three divi- 

 sions were ( 1 ) history of medicine, ( 2 ) history of inorganic sciences, ( 3 ) history 

 of organic sciences. Prof. Ruska is not named, but it is assumed that he was the 

 head of the second division. 



The Institute is sufficiently near to the Kaiserin Friedrich Haus to use the 

 latter 's auditorium and its medico-historical collection. 



Considering the encyclopaedic plan of the Institute partly due to the initiative of 

 Kultusminister Carl Heinrich Becker^"^ (Isis 6, 559-61), it is strange that the 

 history of science was subordinated to the history of medicine. This is typical how- 

 ever of German efforts in our field and may be ascribed to the domineering influence 

 of Karl Sudhoff, and also no doubt to the importance of the medical profession, 

 and to the fact that more physicians were interested in the history of science than 

 other scientists. 



Staatliche Mediko-historische Sammlung: 



Located in the Kaiserin-Friedrich-Haus fiir das arzthche Fortbildungswesen. 



— Cassel (Kassel) — 



1779: Kgl. Museum Fridericianum, Hessisches Landesmuseum zu Cassel: 



This Museum of fine and apphed arts, archaeology and history was founded in 

 1779 by the Landgraf of Hesse-Cassel Friedrich II (ruling 1760-85). It includes 

 a rich collection of clocks, mathematical, physical and astronomical instruments 

 which illustrates the scientific interests of the rulers of Hessen from the sixteenth to 

 the eighteenth century. 



The scientific instruments were first exhibited in five rooms of the old Kunsthaus; 

 they were brought to the new museum when the latter was built in 1911-13. Some 

 of the instruments go back to the sixteenth century and were actually used by the 

 Landgraf Wilhelm IV (ruling 1567-92) and by the men of science who worked 

 under his patronage. 



A. Coster and Ernst Gerland: Beschreibung der Sammlung astronomischer, 



108 Preussischer Minister fiir Wissenschaft, Kunst und Volksbildung. 



