25. INTERNATIONAL CONGRESSES 



International congresses of the history of science have been organized from time 

 to time by the International Academy; a list of them and of their publications is 

 given on p. 255. Let us repeat briefly that there have been thus far six such 

 congresses, to wit: 



I. Paris 1929 V. Lausanne 1947 



II. London 1931 VI. Amsterdam 1950 



III. Portugal 1934 (VII. Jerusalem, Israel 1953) 



IV. Prague 1937 



Other international congresses of the history of science have been organized as 

 sections of international congresses devoted to philosophy, to history, or to particular 

 sciences. In spite of being "sections" of other congresses instead of being inde- 

 pendent, some of these congresses have been very important. That is especially 

 true of the tliree congresses organized in Paris 1900 and Geneva 1904 as parts of 

 the first and second congresses of philosophy, and in Rome 1903, as a part of the 

 second congress of history. These particular congresses were so important (and 

 they all met before the first congress of the Academy) that they might be called 

 the first three international congresses of the history of science. Let us give some 

 information about them. 



I. Paris 1900: Congres international de philosophie. 



The proceedings were published in four thick volumes. Vol. 1. Philosophie 

 generale et metaphysique (1900). Vol. 2. Morale generale. La philosophie de la 

 paix. Les societes d'enseignement populaire (1903). Vol. 3. Logique et histoire 

 des sciences (688 p., 1901). Vol. 4. Histoire de la philosophie (1902). 



In vol. 3, the papers devoted to the logic of the sciences are far more numerous 

 than those on the history of the sciences. Yet, the latter were delivered by such 

 men as Moritz Cantor, Gaston Milhaud, Siegmund Gunther and Henri 

 BouAssE. P. Tannery took part in these deliberations but his own paper (on 

 Aristotelian science ) was included among those relative to the history of philosophy. 



II. Rome 1903: II. Congresso intemazionale di scienze storiche. 



The proceedings, Atti, fill 12 volumes (Roma 1904-07). Vol. X. History of 

 geography and geography of history. Vol. XI. History of philosophy and history of 

 religions. Vol. XII. History of physical, mathematical, natural and medical sciences 

 (354 p., Roma 1904). The nine meetings of that section were presided over by 

 PiETRO Blaserna, Paxjl Tannery, Karl Sxtohoff, Raphael Blanchard, Siegmund 

 GiJNTHER, Emil Lampe, K. Benedikt. 



III. Geneve 1904: He Congres international de philosophie. 



Rapports et comptes rendus pubhes par Ed. Claparede (Geneve 1905). The 

 congress was divided into the following sections. 1 ) History of philosophy, 2 ) 

 General philosophy and psychology, 3 ) Applied philosophy, 4 ) Logic and philosophy 

 of sciences (p. 675-772). 5) History of sciences (p. 773-964). Paijl Tannery 

 was the leader of section 5 and papers were read by H. Berr, P. Duhem, V. Mortet, 

 K. SuDHOFF, H. G. Zeuthen, etc. The proceedings of that fifth section bear the 

 title "Histoire des sciences" ( lllme Congres international d'histoire des sciences ) . 



If that designation of the Geneve congress of 1904 as "third international con- 

 gress" were internationally accepted, then the ordinal number of each congress listed 

 above would have to be increased by three units (the Amsterdam congress of 1950 

 would then be not the sixth but the ninth). 



On account of the two world wars which broke the family of nations in two or 

 rnbre groups, similar difficulties occur in the enumeration of many other congresses, 



