International Congresses 299 



technical sense. An international congress, one should bear in mind, is a congress 

 organized by an international committee ad hoc, it is one of many congresses organ- 

 ized more or less periodically by the same committee for the same general purpose. 

 As an example of meetings, gathered in a small city, year after year and truly 

 international in scope, consider Eranos, a philosophical symposium taking place every 

 summer in Ascona (Ticino, Switzerland) since 1933 (Isis 41, 97, 138, 410). There 

 is no limit to the number of meetings which might thus be organized almost any- 

 where by private or local initiative, but regardless of their interest or importance, 

 we should not call them "international congresses of philosophy," for that phrase 

 has a technical meaning estabUshed by a long tradition. 



International Congress of the Philosophy of Sciences: 



Congress announced to meet in Paris, 17-22 Oct. 1949. As its prospectus refers 

 to no preceding meeting, it is presumably the first of a new series. It is organized 

 by the Institut International de Philosophic in Paris, Administrateur permanent; Ray- 

 mond Bayer. 



The Congress is divided into eleven sections: Logic, Mathematical Philosophy, 

 Calculus of probabilities, Mechanics and astronomy. Theoretical physics, Physico- 

 chemistry. Biology, Earth sciences, Epistemology, History of sciences. Pedagogy of 

 sciences. General synthesis. (Archives internationales 28, 1270-71, 1949). 



Mile. Suzanne Delorme, Secretary of the Institut International de Philosophic, 

 is also Secretary of the Congress. Address: 61 rue du Mont Cenis, Paris 18. 



The Secretary of the section devoted to the history of science is Rene Taton, 

 64 rue Gay-Lussac, Paris 5. 



For the philosophy of science see also the Congresses on the Unity of Science, 

 below. 



International Congresses of Photography: 



I. Paris 1889 VI. Paris 1925 



II. Bhuxelles 1891 VII. London 1928 



m. Paris 1900 VIII. Dresden 1931 

 IV. Lii:GE 1905 IX. Paris 1935 



V. Bruxelles 1910 



International Congresses of Physiology: 



I. Basel 1889 XI. Edinburgh 1923 



II. Ltege 1892 XII. Stockholm 1926 



III. Bern 1895 XIII. Boston 1929 



IV. Cambridge 1898 XIV. Rome 1932 



V. Torino 1901 XV. Leningrad & Moscow 1935 



VI. Bruxelles 1904 XVI. Zurich 1938 



VII. Heidelberg 1907 XVII. Oxford 1947 



VIII. Vienna 1910 XVIII. Copenhagen 1950 



IX. Groningen 1913 XIX. Montreal 1953 

 X. Paris 1920 



International Congresses of Prehistory and Protohistory: 



I. London 1932 [III. Budapest 1949] ^^2 



II. Oslo 1936 III. Zurich 1950 



See above. Congresses of Prehistoric Archaeology. 



International Congresses of Psychology: 



L Paris 1889 VII. Oxford 1923 



II. London 1892 VIII. Groningen 1926 



III. Munich 1896 IX. New Haven, Conn. 1929 



IV. Paris 1900 X. Copenhagen 1932 

 V. Rome 1905 XL Paris 1937 



VI. Geneve 1909 XII. Vienna 1940 



For religion, see under history of religion above. 



1=2 Withdrawn! 



