134 THE HOUSE FLY—DISEASE CARRIER 
ily, to be a chronic carrier and the probable source of 
infection in a number of cases. Another outbreak in 
which seventeen persons were seized (two deaths) was 
traced to a woman who had no typhoid history but 
was excreting the specific bacilli. She was employed 
in the dairy from which the persons seized had obtained 
their milk. Of 260 cases of typhoid fever investigated, 
sixty were traced to infected milk. Among the sixty 
victims were thirty maids and kitchen girls, twelve 
bakers and forty-four persons engaged more or less in 
kitchen work. In all, twenty-eight cases were traced 
directly to apparently healthy typhoid carriers. 
“Minelli examined 250 prisoners who had not been 
in contact with typhoid cases, and found but one who 
had the specific organism constantly in the feces. The 
agglutinative test was positive. 
“Etienne and Thiry report the case of a man, sixty- 
four years of age, who, after four years in a hospital, 
under treatment for tabes and hemiplegia, had two at¬ 
tacks of jaundice, and on examination was found to be 
excreting typhoid bacilli in the feces. 
“A series of twenty-six cases of the disease in fifteen 
families of a village in Lorraine is described by Seige, 
who states that diligent investigation by the district 
physician, the village authorities and the Bacteriological 
Institute of Saarlouis placed the responsibility upon a 
woman who was a chronic typhoid carrier. 
“An interesting case of infection from direct contact 
is reported by Dr. H. MacKenzie and by Mr. W. H. 
Battle. More than two years after a severe attack of 
