148 THE HOUSE FLY—DISEASE CARRIER 
This, of course, means that there are more typhoid 
germs in late summer and autumn, and as there are 
at the same time more flies to carry them, the necessity 
of destroying flies, especially in the early summer, is 
emphasized by this conclusion. 
Other Points 
It may be that enough has been said on the subject 
of the carriage of typhoid by flies, but there is a great 
deal of evidence that has not been touched upon at all. 
Dr. J. W. Palmer of Ailey, Ga., for example, who has 
had much experience with typhoid in a region for the 
most part agricultural, although in a rich part of the 
State of Georgia, informed the writer in the autumn 
of 1910 that in order to emphasize the importance of 
flies in the distribution of this disease and to carry 
conviction to his patients as to the necessity of screen¬ 
ing their houses and avoiding flies, he promises to treat 
without charge all cases of typhoid fever that develop 
in houses well protected from flies, and states that he 
has never had a case develop in such a house. 
In the Transactions of the Medical Association of 
Georgia for 1910, an article by Doctor Palmer is pub¬ 
lished on pages 149 to 157. In this paper he states 
that he estimates that ninety-five per cent, of the ty¬ 
phoid fever in rural districts may be laid to the typhoid 
fly. He states that during the past typhoid season he 
treated fever in several families, and especially noticed 
that in the families which controlled the flies as di¬ 
rected by him no new cases developed, while families 
