ALKALOIDS 



363 



The constitution of stachydrine is as follows :- 



CHg — CH, 



CO— CH CH, 



O- 



— N(CH3), 



Stachydrine 



showing it to be a dimethyl betaine of pyrrolidine. 



III. Tropane Alkaloids. — The alkaloids belonging to this 

 group are derivatives of tropane — 



CHg 



/ \ 



CH, 



CH 



CH, 



CH 



/ 



NCH, 



CH, 



CH, 



Tropane 



which substance, as may be seen, contains both a six-mem- 

 bered piperidine ring and a five-membered pyrrolidine ring. 



The group includes alkaloids from the four Natural 

 Orders : — 



Solanaceae, e.g. Atropine, Hyoscine, Hyoscyamine, 

 Erythroxylaceae, e.g. Coca alkaloids, such as Cocaine and 



Tropacocaine. 

 Myrtaceae : Pelletierine, Isopelletierine, etc., from Punica 



granatum (pomegranate). 

 Papilionaceae : Cytisine from Cyiisus Laburnum ; Lupinine 



from Lupinus luteus, and Lupinus niger. 

 Most of the above alkaloids have a very complex consti- 

 tution, and the formula of only one will be given, namely, 

 cocaine : — 



H 



OCOCgHs 



CH, 



CH, 



CHCOOCHs 

 CH, 



NCH3 

 CH, 



CH, 



Cocaine 



