ILLUSTRATIONS xi 



84. One of the islands of the Galapagos group 154, 



85. Captain Ault releasing a pilot-balloon 158 



86. Captain Ault, Torreson, and Scott following the pilot-balloon 159 



87. The Carnegie hove-to for an oceanographic station in the Pacific 162 



88. Images lining the slopes of Rano Roraku, Easter Island 165 



89. Colossal statues, Easter Island 173 



90. Group of statues, Easter Island 174 



91. Quarry for statues, Easter Island 175 



92. Crater-lake of Rano Roraku, Easter Island 176 



93. The platform at Tongariki, Easter Island 177 



94. Ancient rock-carvings 181 



95. An entrance to the burrows on the rim of Rano Kao Crater 182 



96. "Bird Rocks" lying below the caves on Rano Kao Crater 183 



97. Plate showing natives and monuments, Easter Island, from the "Voyages of 



La Perouse" 187 



98. The albatross of the South Pacific 195 



99. A small "bottle-nose" whale of the South Pacific 196 



100. Large deep-sea organism 197 



101. Typical vertical section showing temperatures at various depths for voyage 



from Panama to Easter Island to Peru 199 



102. Typical vertical section showing salt-content of sea-water at various depths for 



voyage from Panama to Easter Island to Peru 201 



103. The waters off the coast of Peru abound with fish, but the birds are the fisher- 



men 202 



104. Switchback at Chicla, Peru 204 



105. The primitive wooden plow 205 



106. A herd of llamas 206 



107. A typical village church in the Andes of Peru 207 



108. Gulls near Huancayo 207 



109. Flowering cactus 208 



110. Winnowing barley 209 



111. Buildings of the Huancayo Magnetic Observatory 210 



112. The Sunday market at Huancayo 211 



113. Huancayo Valley 212 



114. A native inn at Huancayo 213 



115. Native dancers pay a visit to the Huancayo Magnetic Observatory .... 214 



116. Glaciers in the Chuspiocha (Fly-Lake) Valley, Peru 215 



117. The earthen oven used by the Indians in the Andes 216 



118. The Indian women of the Andes spin wool-yarn as they walk or gossip . . . 216 



119. Burial place in Lima 217 



120. Burro burden-bearer 217 



121. Indian women on their way to market 218 



122. Facade of the ancient Jesuit church, Arequipa 219 



123. The original "Bridge of San Luis Rey" near Chupaca, Peru 220 



124. A wayside shrine in the Andes of Peru 221 



125. Bottom-snapper with countersunk lead weight 224 



126. A propeller-device for reversing deep-sea thermometers 225 



127. The boat-harbor at Amanu Island ... 229 



