4 



THE LAST CRUISE OF THE CARNEGIE 



another practical seaman, Norman, published an interesting 

 paper entitled "a newe discovered secret and subtill propertie 

 concerning the Declyning of the Needle, touched therewith under 

 the plaine of the Horizon." This discovery of magnetic "dip," 

 or inclination as it is now called, gave us the first hint that the 

 source of magnetic force might be in the Earth and not in the 



The Watch-officers and the Engineer 



(Left to right: Jentoft, third mate; Leyer, engineer; Erickson, first mate; Unander, 

 second mate.) 



stars, as had previously been supposed. Even today we do not 

 know the origin of this mysterious force. 



In the seventeenth century a very discomforting fact came to 

 light. Up to this time it had been assumed that the magnetic 

 declination and dip, though differing for various localities, was 

 constant at any one place. But now it was shown that the 

 Earth's magnetism undergoes changes in the course of time — 

 irregular changes at that. The effects of this discovery were far- 



