NARRATIVE OF THE CRUISE 223 



merous colonies sent from Europe to open up the eastern slopes 

 of the Andes. This young man, a favorite of us all, was killed 

 in the explosion at Samoa which also took the life of Captain 

 Ault. Two vacancies in the sailing crew were filled by Frank 

 Moline, an old-fashioned, deep-water sailor, and Arthur Ericksen; 

 while Bagelman was promoted from seaman to mechanic. 



Before sailing, we took aboard the ship a new bronze anchor 

 which had arrived from New York to replace the one lost at 

 Easter Island. On February 5 we put out to sea for what was to 

 prove the finest passage of the cruise — next stop Tahiti. The 

 breezes were steady and fair, skies clear, sea moderate, and con- 

 ditions for observing ideal. 



CALLAO TO APIA TO PORT APRA TO YOKOHAMA 



The month of February was a notable one for us in that we 

 made several important changes in our instruments and methods. 

 Ever since our departure from Washington, an attempt had been 

 made to use the marine earth-inductor for determining the strength 

 of the earth's magnetic field in addition to the angle of inclina- 

 tion. All the trials up to the present time had failed to give re- 

 sults as reliable as those obtained with the standard "deflector." 

 By changing the method slightly we were now getting comparable 

 readings. 



The Carnegie has ever been on the alert for new and simpler 

 methods for making physical measurements at sea. In fact, 

 her contributions in this respect may be considered among the 

 greatest of her achievements for science, because little advance 

 can be expected until reliable and practical instruments are 

 available. 



In collecting samples of the ocean-bottom we had been using 

 a "snapper" type of collector, in which a large lead weight sur- 

 rounding the shaft was made to close the jaws when bottom was 

 struck. It often happened, however, that the apparatus hit at 

 an acute angle and not head-on; in which case it would fail to 

 close. By countersinking the weight so as to bring it down over 

 the spring, the center of gravity was lowered. Thereafter, only 

 one failure was recorded from that cause. When it is realized 



