40 



2. DERMATOCARPACEAE [ 10. Dermatocarpon 



dish brown to dusky; black below, densely covered with rhizoids; perithecia minute, 

 0.05-0.25 mm. across, immersed in the thallus, only the dark ostiole visible; spores 

 ellipsoid, 10-14 X 5-9 /*. 



On soil, throughout the United States. 



5. Dermatocarpon acarosporoides Zahlbr., Beih. Bot. Centralb. 13:153, 154. 



1902. 



Thallus thick, rather small, reddish brown, squamulose, the squamules often 

 fissured and obscurely warty, closely grouped or scattered; perithecia minute, 

 0.1-0.2 mm. across, subcorneal, pale, immersed 1 or more in each squamule, the 

 apex becoming black, the ostiole punctiform but sometimes sunken in the thallus; 

 asci ventricose; spores globose or subglobose, 10-12 jx in diameter. 



On granite, San Jacinto Mountains, California. 



6. Dermatocarpon cinereum (Pers.) T. Fries, Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Ups. III. 



3:356. 1861. 

 Endocarpon cinereum Pers., Ann. Bot. Usteri 7:28. 1794. Endocarpon te- 



phroides Ach. 



Thallus rather small, closely adnate, chinky-areolate toward the center, or 

 breaking into squamiform areoles, lobed and sometimes plainly squamulose toward 

 the margins, the lobes wavy, short to linear; blackish below; perithecia minute, 

 0.08-0.2 mm. across, numerous, largely immersed, indicated by the_ prominent 

 protruding, blackish ostiole; spores oblong-ellipsoid, sometimes appearing pseudo- 

 septate because of vacuoles, 17-24X7-10.5/*. 



On soil, Vermont, Illinois, South Dakota, and California. 



7. Dermatocarpon Moulinsii (Mont.) Zahlbr., in E. & P., Nat. Pfl. 1:60. 1907. 



Endocarpon Moulinsii Mont., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. II. 20:51. 1843. 



Thallus loosely adnate, large, spreading, thick and stout, attached by an umbili- 

 cus, round to irregularly lobed, the lobes sometimes imbricated, undulating to 

 wrinkled, grayish to brownish; blackish below and densely covered with villous 

 rhizoids;' perithecia minute, 0.2-0.35 mm. across, imbedded in the thallus, only 

 the dark ostiole visible; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 10-14 X 6-7 /x. 



On rocks, Texas, 

 var. subpapillosum Fink; Hedrick, Mycologia 25:306. 1933. 



The lower surface minutely papillose. 



On rocks, Idaho and Washington. 



8. Dermatocarpon rufescens (Ach.) T. Fries, Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Ups. III. 



3:354. 1861. 



Endocarpon rufescens Ach., Lich. Univ. 304. 1810. 



Thallus closely adnate, squamulose, the squamules cut-lobulate, often angular 

 or irregular, contiguous, the margins recurved downward, forming a crust, or some- 

 times somewhat scattered, with the margins ascending, becoming imbricated, red- 

 dish brown; blackish below; perithecia minute, 0.1-0.25 mm. across, immersed, 

 often several in a squamule, only the dark ostiole visible ; spores ovoid-ellipsoid to 

 ellipsoid, 13-18X5-8/*. 



On soil, New England, Illinois, Nebraska, Arizona, and southern California. 



9. Dermatocarpon squamellum (Nyl.) Herre, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12:44. 



1910. 



Verrucaria squamella Nyl.; Hasse, Bull. Torr. Club 24:449. 1897. 



Thallus thin to moderately thick, small, dull greenish, squamulose, the squam- 

 ules crenate, lobulate, and imbricate; perithecia minute, 0.1-0.25 mm. across, 

 immersed, 1-several in each squamule, indicated by dark punctiform spots; asci 

 clavate to ventricose; spores oblong to ellipsoid, 15-24 X 5.5-8 /*. 



On shaded soil, among moss, southern California. Material is doubtful. It is 

 omitted by Hasse from his Lichen Flora of Southern California. 



