74 11. CALICIACEAE [41. Stenocybe 



41. Stenocybe Nyl., Bot. Notis. 84. 1854. 



Thallus poorly developed, almost wanting, or the apothecia seated on a strange 

 thallus; stipes well developed; apothecia minute to small, at first closed, later 

 with punctiform disk; paraphyses slender, distinct; asci long, cylindrical; spores 8, 

 brown, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, uniseriately arranged, commonly 3- rarely 

 7-septate, the cells cylindrical. 



The algal hosts are Protococcus and Stichococcus. 



A. Spores 18-36 /j. in length 1- S. major 



A. Spores not more than 20 //. in length 



B. Apothecia not more than 0.2 mm. across 3. S. tremulicola 



B. Apothecia reaching 0.6 mm. across 2. S. pullatula 



1. Stenocybe major Nyl., Bot. Notis. 84. 1854. 

 S. euspora (Nyl.) Anzi. 



Thallus poorly developed, mainly or wholly imbedded in the substratum; 

 stipes short, slender, black; apothecia minute to small, 0.1-0.4 mm. across, globose 

 to clavate, the disk flat, black, the exciple black; spores 8, brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 

 3-septate, 18-36 X 7-11 p.. 



On trees, New York and Washington. 



2. Stenocybe pullatula (Ach. ) Stein; Cohn, Krypt. Flora von Schleisen, 2:298. 



1879. 

 Calicium pullatulum Ach., Vet. Akad. Handl. 121. pi. 5, f. 5. 1816. S.byssacea 



(E. Fries) Koerb. 



Thallus poorly developed, mainly or wholly imbedded in the substratum; stipes 

 short, slender, black; apothecia minute to small, 0.25-0.6 mm. across, subspherical 

 to somewhat clavate, the disk flat to convex, black, the exciple thin, black; spores 

 8, brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 3-septate, 13-22 X 5-7 /a. 



On trees, Massachusetts and New Jersey. 



3. Stenocybe tremulicola Norrl. ; Lojka, Flora 66:531. 1883. 

 S. pullatula f. tremulicola (Norrl.) Zahlbr. 



Thallus poorly developed, mainly or wholly imbedded in the substratum ; stipes 

 very short, slender, black; apothecia minute, 0.05-0.2 mm. across, globose, the 

 disk concave to flat, black, the exciple black; spores 8, brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 

 3-septate, 12-18 X 4-5 /x. 



On trees, southern California. 



42. Sphinctrina E. Fries, Syst. Orb. Veg. 120. 1825. 



Parasitic on other lichens and thallus invisible, but probably parasitic on algae 

 within the lichen host ; apothecia solitary, pear-shaped to spherical, closed or show- 

 ing a small disk, black and shining, the proper exciple thick and stout, hypothe- 

 cium brown: asci cylindrical; spores 8, non-septate, subspherical to oblong-ellipsoid, 

 becoming dark brown, uniseriate; the mazaedium forming tardily. 



The algal host is Protococcus. 



A. Spores spherical to subspherical, 3-7 ,u. across 1. S. gelasinata 



A. Spores ellipsoid, 9-14 n in length 2. S. microcephala 



1. Sphinctrina gelasinata (With.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 1:654. 1922. 



Lichen gelasinatus With., Arr. Brit. PL ed. 3. 4:6. pi. 31. f. 1. 1796. Calicium 

 turbinatum Pers. 5. turbinata (Pers.) De Not. 



Mycelium imbedded in the lichen host and therefore invisible; stipes very 

 short, stout, and scarcely visible; apothecia small, 0.2-0.4 mm. across, spherical 

 to top-shaped, the disk flat and dull black at maturity, the exciple dull black, 

 often lighter externally; spores dark brown, spherical to subspherical, 3-7 /x across. 



Commonly on Pertusaria communis and rarely on Cyphelium bolanderi. On 

 the former host, Massachusetts, New York, Illinois, and Minnesota ; on the latter, 

 California. 



