53. Graphis] 15. GRAPHIDACEAE 107 



1. Graphis turbulenta Nyl., Lich. Ins. Guin. 50. 1889. 



Thallus thin, smooth to somewhat rough, pale greenish gray to whitish; apothe- 

 cia short and of medium width, 0.5-2 X 0.25-0.4 mm., immersed, straight to 

 curved, rarely short-branched, grouped into rough groups, the disk closed or nar- 

 rowly open and dark-colored, the proper exciple thin and light to darker brown, 

 surrounded laterally bv a thalloid one; hypothecium hyaline; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 

 1 -septate, 8-11 X 3.5^4.5 fx. 



On trees, near Jacksonville, Florida. 



2. Graphis botryosa Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 2:122. 1888. 



Thallus thin, smooth, pale olive-green and fading; apothecia short and very 

 narrow, 0.5-2 X 0.15-0.2 mm., immersed and breaking through, straight or curved, 

 often more or less clustered, the disk closed to open and white, the exciple brown- 

 ish, covered by the thalloid one; hypothecium hyaline; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 

 3-septate, 14-20 X 3-4.5 p. 



On trees, Florida. 



3. Graphis nitida (Eschw.) Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 2:121. 1888. 

 Diorygna nitidum Eschw., in Mart., Fl. Bras. 68. 1829. 



Thallus thin, smooth, shining, pale olive-green and fading to yellowish; apothe- 

 cia from short to elongated, of medium width, 1-5 X 0.4-0.9 mm., immersed, 

 straight to curved and flexuous, becoming clustered and furcately branched, the 

 disk closed, the proper exciple pale and rudimentary, covered by a thalloid one; 

 hypothecium hyaline; spores usually 8, oblong-ellipsoid, 3-septate, 12-16 X 8-10 p. 



On trees, South Carolina and Alabama. Spores are lacking in our material, 

 and determinations are consequently doubtful. Have seen no material from Florida 

 or Louisiana, where the species is reported, which could be placed here. 



4. Graphis Dumastii (Fee) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 4:254. 1827. 

 Fissurina Dumastii Fee, Essai Crypt. 59. pi. 1, f. 7. 1824. 



Thallus thin, smooth and shining, pale olive-green and fading; apothecia short, 

 oblong-ellipsoid, 2- or 3-angled, and irregular, 1-3 X 0.5-2 mm., immersed, the 

 disk soon open and whitish, the exciple thin, distinguishable above as a pale brown- 

 ish zone, covered by a thalloid one; hypothecium hyaline; spores uniseriate, 

 oblong-ellipsoid, 3-septate, 16-20 X 7-9.5 /<.. 



On trees, doubtfully determined, Florida. 



5. Graphis Beaumontii Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 2:124. 1888. 



Thallus rather thick, shining, becoming rough, greenish gray; apothecia short 

 and rather narrow, 1-3 X 0.3-0.6 mm., immersed to semisuperficial, straight or 

 curved, the disk closed to open and yellowish gray, the exciple pale brown, covered 

 by a thickish thalloid one; hypothecium hyaline; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 3-septate, 

 13-21 X 8-13/*. 



On trees, from South Carolina to Florida and Texas. 



6. Graphis Afzelii Ach., Syn. Meth. Lich. 85. 1814. 



Thallus thin, rudimentary, or disappearing and indicated by a light brownish 

 to ashy gray area; apothecia oblong to much elongated, and of moderate width, 

 1-9 X 0.3-1 mm., adnate, straight, curved, or flexuous; rarely branched mono- 

 podially or bifurcately, the disk closed, the exciple white, superficially lending its 

 color to the whole perithecium, but black within, the superficial white portion 

 rarely disappearing more or less, leaving the perithecial surface partly or wholly 

 black; hypothecium hyaline; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 3-septate, 15-20X6-8/4, 

 irregularly or uniseriately arranged. 



On trees, from North Carolina to Florida, and westward to Texas. 



7. Graphis rufula (Trev.) Mont., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. III. 16:57. 1851. 

 Opegrapha rufula Trev., Spig. Pagl. 12. 1853. 



Thallus thin, smooth, olive-green to greenish gray, surrounded wholly or in 

 part by a black hypothallus; apothecia long and wide, 5-12 X 0.5-1 mm., im- 



