118 IS. GRAPH1DACEAE [56. Phaeographina 



18. Graphina virginea (Eschw.) Mull. Arg., Flora 63:41. 1880. 



Leiogramma virgineum Eschw., in Mart., Fl. Bras. 1:98. 1833. Graphis cometia 

 Fee. 



Thallus thin, smooth, greenish gray to whitish; apothecia short to elongated, 

 but narrow, 1-5 X 0.15-0.2 mm., immersed or slightly emergent, straight to curved 

 or obscurely flexuous, frequently 1 to several times branched, sometimes radiately, 

 the disk opening and brown but covered by the thalloid exciple, the likewise 

 covered proper exciple brown above and pale below; hypothecium hyaline; spores 

 8, oblong-ellipsoid to ellipsoid, 13-23-septate transversely and 1-7-septate longi- 

 tudinally, 38-75 X 10-18/*. 



On trees, Florida. 



56. Phaeographina Mull. Arg., Flora 65:398. 1882. 



Thallus forming a thin, usually smooth crust, partly or wholly within the sub- 

 stratum, devoid of differentiation into layers; apothecia linear, curved, often 

 branched, more or less immersed, the disk closed to open, commonly black, the 

 exciple colored like the disk, often surrounded by a thin to thicker thalloid one; 

 hypothecium hyaline to brownish black; hymenium hyaline; paraphyses un- 

 branched; asci clavate to cylindrico-clavate; spores 1-8, brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 

 ellipsoid, or long-ellipsoid, transversely and longitudinally septate, the cells almost 

 cubical. 



The algal host is Trentepohlia. 



A. Spores less than 50 /* in length 



B. Apothecia closely grouped and often branched 4. P. columbiana 



B. Apothecia radiately clustered and rarely branched 5. P. explicans 



A. Spores more than 50/* in length 



B. Spores 1 in an ascus 1. P. scalpturata 



B. Spores 4-8 in an ascus 



C. Spores large, 50-85/* in length 3. P. caesiopruinosa 



C. Spores very large, 75-160/* in length 2. P. plurifera 



1. Phaeographina scalpturata (Ach.) Mull. Arg., Flora 69:314, 315. 1886. 

 Graphis scalpturata Ach., Syn. Meth. Lich. 86. 1814. 



Thallus rather thin, smooth, greenish gray to yellowish or pale olive-green; 

 apothecia moderately long and wide, 1-4 X 0.3-0.7 mm., immersed to partly im- 

 mersed, straight to slightly curved or flexuous, very rarely branched, the disk open, 

 flat, more or less grayish pruinose to brown or blackish brown, the proper exciple 

 thin, pale to darker brown, surrounded by a disappearing thalloid one; hypothecium 

 wholly hyaline or becoming brownish black below; spores 1, oblong-ellipsoid, 

 becoming brown, 19-31-septate transversely and 3-8-septate longitudinally, 90- 

 155 X 20-25/*. 



On trees, from New Jersey to Florida, and westward to Alabama and Louisiana. 



2. Phaeographina plurifera (Nyl.) Fink n. comb. 



Graphis scalpturata var. plurifera Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. V. 7:332. 1887. 



Thallus thin and smooth, yellowish to olivaceous; apothecia long and wide, 

 3-10 X 0.6-1.4 mm., immersed to partly immersed, slightly curved to obscurely 

 flexuous, the disk open, flat, more or less grayish pruinose, the proper exciple well 

 developed, brownish black, surrounded by a disappearing thalloid one; hypothe- 

 cium hyaline; spores 4-8, cylindrico-ellipsoid, 13-15-septate transversely and 3-5- 

 septate longitudinally, 75-160X22-30/*. 



On trees, Florida. 



3. Phaeographina caesiopruinosa (Fee) Mull. Arg., Mem. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. 



Geneve 29 8 :48. 1887. 

 Arthonia caesiopruinosa Fee, Essai Crypt. Suppl. 36. pi. 40, f . 4. 1837. 

 Thallus thin to moderately thick, smooth, greenish gray to pale olive-green; 

 apothecia becoming long and wide, 6.5-7 X 0.3-0.9 mm., partly immersed, straight 



