103. Collema] 28. COLLEMACEAE 159 



7. Collema cristatellum Tuck., Lich. Calif. 29. 1866. 



Transforming the algal colony into a minute, blackish olive body with cut- 

 crenate, usually scattered, ascending lobes having rough, granulose margins, the 

 central lobes sometimes much reduced and club-shaped; apothecia small to middle- 

 sized, 0.4-1 mm. across, the disk concave to slightly convex, the algoid exciple 

 thin and granulose; hypothecium pale brownish; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 3-septate 

 transversely and 1 -septate longitudinally, 16-30 X 7-9 /a. 



On soil, Illinois, New Mexico, and California. 



8. Collema furvum (Ach.) DC, in Lam. & DC, Fl. Fr. ed. 3. 2:385. 1815. 

 Lichen furvus Ach., Lich. Suec. 132. 1798. 



Transforming the algal colony into a middle-sized, rather thin, lobed and folded, 

 olive-green to blackish, dorsally granulose body, the lobes round to somewhat 

 irregular, ascending, oblong, with entire to crenulate, deeply wavy margins; apothe- 

 cia small to middle-sized, 0.3-1 mm. across, scattered or loosely clustered, the disk 

 concave to flat, brown, the algoid exciple prominent; hypothecium brownish; spores 

 ovoid-ellipsoid, 3-septate transversely and 1 -septate longitudinally, 17-24 X 9-11 /a. 



On calcareous rocks, from Vermont to Maryland, and westward to Iowa and 

 Minnesota. 



9. Collema callibotrys Tuck., Proc. Am. Acad. 5:386. 1862. 

 Transforming the algal colony into a middle-sized or larger, round to somewhat 



irregular, tough, pale green to blackish body, the lobes radiate, and often irregularly 

 narrowed, ribbed and fenestrate, marginally ascending; apothecia small, 0.35-0.5 

 mm. across, numerous and often covering the lobes, the disk concave, red, the 

 algoid exciple plainly visible; hypothecium hyaline to pale brownish; spores nearly 

 square to ellipsoid, 3-septate transversely and 1-septate longitudinally, 10-22 X 7- 

 12 jx. 



On trees, from South Carolina to Florida, and westward to Texas. 



10. Collema pulposum (Bernh. ) Ach., Lich. Univ. 632. pi. 14, f. 9. 1810. 

 Lichen pidposus Bernh., in Schrad., Syst. Samml. Krypt. Gewachse II. 11. 



1797. 



Transforming the algal colony into a more or less irregular, rather thick, light 

 olive-green to blackish body, the lobes often radiately arranged, and wavy-crenate, 

 often imbricate, especially over the thicker central portions, or the central lobes 

 reduced to granules, the marginal ones somewhat flat; apothecia small to middle- 

 sized, 0.7-2.5 mm. across, adnate to sessile, the disk concave to flat, reddish 

 brown, the algoid exciple rarely crenate; hypothecium hyaline to brownish; spores 

 ovoid-ellipsoid, 3-5-septate transversely and 1-3-septate longitudinally, 16-25 X 

 7-1 1.5 yu.. (Plate 7.) 



On soil and mossy rocks, widely distributed throughout United States but 

 scarcely well known. Externally similar to Collemodes Bachmanianum Fink. 



11. Collema plicatile Ach., Lich. Suec. 129, 237. 1798. 



Lichen plicatilis Ach., Vet. Akad. Handl. 16:11. pi. 1, f. 2. 1795. Leptogiam 

 plicatile (Ach.) Leight. 



Transforming the algal colony into a more or less irregular, olive-green to 

 blackish body, the lobes more or less imbricated, commonly ascending or erect, 

 their margins usually plicate and crisped; apothecia small, 0.4-1 mm. across, sub- 

 sessile, the disk commonly concave, brown and darkening, the exciple algoid; 

 hypothecium brownish; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 3- rarely 5-septate transversely 

 and 1-septate longitudinally, 18-28 X 7-10 fx. 



On rocks, mostly calcareous, throughout northern United States from Ver- 

 mont to California. 



12. Collema fayettensis Fink; Hedrick, Mycologia 26:154. 1934. 

 Transforming the algal colony into a small, thin to somewhat thick, irregularly 



lobed, greenish to greenish brown body, the lobes smooth to somewhat wrinkled 

 becoming more or less imbricated, with crenate, ascending margins; lighter below 



