174 30. PANNARIACEAE [ill. Parmeliella 



in young plants; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-2 mm. across, adnate to 

 sessile, the disk flat to convex, reddish to blackish brown, the exciple thin, brown- 

 ish to brown, disappearing; hypothecium hyaline to brownish; spores ovoid- 

 ellipsoid to ellipsoid-pointed, 18-25 X 7-11 fx. 



On soil and rocks, throughout northern United States and California. 



var. corallophora (Tuck.) Herre, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12:150, 151. 1910. 

 Pannaria lepidiata var. corallophora Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 1:122. 1882. 

 Thallus passing into stout, short, irregularly swollen branchlets. 

 On soil and rocks, southern California. 



3. Parmeliella cheiroloba Mull. Arg., Hedwigia 34:140. 1895. 



Thallus closely adnate throughout or marginally ascending, irregularly lobed, 

 greenish gray to straw-colored, the lobes dichotomously much-branched, smooth 

 to minutely wrinkled, passing into a thick, closely adnate, granulose to warty, 

 brownish gray to darker crust; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-1 mm. across, 

 partly immersed to adnate, the disk flat to convex, flesh-colored to chestnut-brown 

 and darker, the exciple very thin, colored like the disk, soon disappearing; hypo- 

 thecium hyaline to pale brownish; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 16-22 X 8—1 1 /x. 



On soil, Montana. 



4. Parmeliella corallinoides (Hoffm.) Zahlbr., Ann. Nat. Hofm. Wien. 13:462. 



1899. 

 Stereocaulon corallinoides Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl. 129. 1796. Parmelia tripto- 

 phylla (Ach.) E. Fries. Parmelia triptophylla var. corallinoides (Hoffm.) 

 Tuck. Pannaria triptophylla (Ach.) Mass. 

 Thallus composed of minute to small, pale yellowish to livid brownish, nar- 

 rowly lobed, expanded squamules, often passing into a densely granulose crust, 

 upon a bluish black hypothallus; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.5-1 mm. across, 

 sessile, the disk flat to convex, reddish to chestnut-brown, the proper exciple thin, 

 brownish to chestnut-brown and disappearing; hypothecium hyaline to straw- 

 colored; spores ellipsoid, 14-20 X 5-8 /x. 



On trees, from New England and New York to South Carolina and Louisiana. 



5. Parmeliella microphylla (Swartz) Mull. Arg., Flora 72:507. 1889. 



Lichen microphyllus Swartz; Westr., Vet. Akad. Handl. 301. 1791. Parmelia 

 microphylla (Swartz) E. Fries. Pannaria microphylla (Swartz) Mass. 



Thallus composed of small, greenish gray to ashy or ashy brown, closely adnate 

 to marginally ascending, more or less imbricated, crenate squamules, often passing 

 into a rather thick, rough crust; black below; apothecia small to middle-sized, 

 0.5-1 mm. across, adnate to subsessile, the disk flat to convex, pale reddish brown 

 to black, the exciple thick, colored like the thallus, often disappearing; hypothecium 

 hyaline; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 13-19 X 5-7 /x. 



On rocks, throughout the United States. 



f. californica (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 3:216. 1925. 

 Pannaria microphylla f. californica Tuck., Syn. N. A. Lich. 1:121. 1882. 

 Thallus composed of usually thicker, rougher squamules; apothecia reaching 

 1.5 mm. across; spores 15-24 X 6-9 fx. 

 On rocks, California. 



6. Parmeliella cyanolepra (Tuck.) Herre, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12:151. 1910. 

 Pannaria cyanolepra Tuck., Lich. Calif. 17. 1866. Pannaria lepidiota var. cyano- 

 lepra Tuck. 



Thallus composed of minute, continuous and conglomerate, steel-blue granules; 

 apothecia small to almost middle-sized, 0.3-0.7 mm. across, partly immersed to 

 adnate, the disk flat to convex, dark reddish to blackish, the exciple thin, colored 

 like the disk, soon disappearing; hypothecium brownish; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 

 16-22 X 7-9 fi. 



On soil and rocks, California. 



