176 30. PANNARIACEAE [112. Pannaiia 



B. Hypothallus whitish or wanting 



C. Spores 13-18 X 7-9.5 fi 7. P. lurida 



C. Spores 17-29 X 8-13 /i 2. P.pezizoides 



1. Pannaria granatina (Sommerf.) T. Fries, Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Ups. III. 3:277. 



1861. 



Lecanora granatina Sommerf., Suppl. Fl. Lapp. 90. 1826. 



Thallus minute, granular, becoming chinky, round to somewhat irregular, scarce- 

 ly lobed, reddish brown, attached at a single point; blackening below; apothecia 

 minute to small, 0.15-0.3 mm. across, adnate, the disk flat to convex, reddish 

 brown, the thalloid exciple thin, subcrenulate, sometimes disappearing; spores 

 oblong, 9-13 X 4-5.5 fi. 



On rocks, Maine and New Hampshire. 



2. Pannaria pezizoides (Weberi) Trevis., Lich. Vene. 98. 1869. 



Lichen pezizoides Weberi, Spic. Fl. Goet. 200. 1778. P. brunnea (Swartz) Mass. 



Thallus round, squamulose, brownish or grayish lead-colored to brown, the 

 squamules minute to small, densely imbricated, crenate or deeply cut, often crowded 

 into a granulose mass; a thin, whitish, cobwebby hypothallus sometimes persisting 

 below; apothecia middle-sized, 0.6-1.5 mm. across, adnate, often crowded and 

 irregular, the disk flat to convex, brick-red to reddish brown, the exciple thin, 

 crenulate, colored like the thallus; hypothecium hyaline to brownish; spores ellip- 

 soid to ellipsoid-pointed, 17-29 X 8-13 jj.. 



On soil and over moss. New England, New York, Colorado, Wyoming, Wash- 

 ington, and California. 



3. Pannaria sonomensis Tuck., Proc. Am. Acad. 12:169. 1877. 



Parmeliella sonomensis (Tuck.) Hasse. Placynthium sonomense (Tuck.) Herre. 



Thallus small, composed of minute to small, linear, elongated, many-cleft, 

 greenish brown lobes; whitish below, on a thin black hypothallus; apothecia mi- 

 nute to small, 0.1-0.3 mm. across, sessile, the disk flat to convex and rarely sub- 

 globose, reddish brown to black, the thalloid exciple thin, colored like the thallus 

 or lighter, rarely disappearing; hypothecium hyaline to brownish; spores 8, hyaline, 

 fusiform, sometimes curved, non-septate, 20-33 X 2-3 \x. 



On rocks, southern California. (Description compiled, the algal host was Scy- 

 tonema instead of Nostoc.) 



4. Pannaria leucosticta Tuck.; Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV. 12:294. 1859. 

 Thallus squamulose, ashy to brownish or bluish brown, the squamules thick, 



small, closely adnate, the marginal ones expanded, elongated, crenate or pinnately 

 lobed, the central ones smaller, densely imbricated, ascendant with entire or 

 dentate-crenate, white-powdery margins; whitish below or darkened by the bluish 

 black, also bordering hypothallus; apothecia middle-sized, 1-1.5 mm. across, adnate, 

 the disk flat to convex, reddish brown, the exciple thin, colored like the thallus, 

 crenate, often white-powdery; hypothecium hyaline to slightly brownish; spores 

 ovoid-ellipsoid to ellipsoid-pointed, 16-22 X 8-13 /x. (Plate 9.) 



On trees and rocks, throughout the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. 



5. Pannaria mariana (E. Fries) Mull. Arg., Flora 70:321. 1887. 

 Parmelia mariana E. Fries, Syst. Orb. Veg. 1:284. 1825. P. pannosa Nyl. 

 Thallus rather thin and smooth, middle-sized to large, round, bright greenish 



gray to ashy or brownish, composed of narrow, flattish, many-cleft, radiant-crowded 

 to separate lobes with crenate to variously cut margins, upon a dense, bordering, 

 black hypothallus; apothecia middle-sized, 0.7-1.5 mm. across, sessile, the disk flat, 

 red to brownish red, the thalloid exciple thick, colored like the thallus, becoming 

 crenate, or disappearing and exposing a thin, pale, proper one; spores ovoid- 

 ellipsoid, 16-25 X 7-10 fx. 



On trees, South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, and Louisiana. 



