198 33. LECIDEACEAE [ 119. Lecidea 



small, 0.2-0.6 mm. across, adnate, the disk flat to convex, pale flesh-colored to 

 darkening, sometimes faintly pruinose, the exciple darker, finally disappearing; 

 hypothecium hyaline to brownish; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 7-12 X 3-5.5 fx. 



On old wood, from New England to Iowa and Minnesota, and in Washington. 



25. Lecidea intropallida Fink, Ohio Biol. Surv. 2:338. 1921. 



Thallus continuous, smooth or slightly roughened, ashy gray and darkening; 

 apothecia minute, 0.15-0.25 mm. across, adnate or partly immersed, the disk flat 

 to slightly convex, flesh-colored to yellowish brown, the exciple of the same color 

 and soon disappearing; hypothecium pale brown; spores ellipsoid, 5-7X2.5-3/*. 



On pebbles, Ohio. 



26. Lecidea granulosa (Hoffm.) Ach., Meth. Lich. 65. 1803. 



Verrucaria granulosa Hoffm., Descr. PI. Crypt. 2:21. pi. 30, f. 3. 1794. Biatora 

 granulosa (Hoffm.) Flot. L. granulosa var. phyllizans Zahlbr. L. decolorans 

 (Hoffm.) Floerke. 



Thallus widespread, greenish gray to ashy, granulose, the granules hemispher- 

 ical, or irregular and sublobate, usually closely crowded and subimbricate, often 

 forming sorediate heaps; apothecia middle-sized, 0.3-2 mm. across, adnate, fre- 

 quently clustered to confluent and irregular, the disk flat to convex, flesh-colored 

 to olive-green or black, the exciple raised, often paler, soon disappearing; hypo- 

 thecium pale brown; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 9-16 X 4.5-5 /t. (Plate 15 b.) 



On soil, dead moss, and old wood, throughout northern United States. 



27. Lecidea coarctata (J. E. Smith) Nyl., Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. 21:358. 1856. 

 Lichen coarctatus J. E. Smith, in Sowerby, Engl. Bot. 8: pi. 534. 1799. Biatora 



coarctata (J. E. Smith) T. Fries. L. coarctata var. ornata (Sommerf.) T. 

 Fries. Lecanora coarctata (J. E. Smith) Ach. 



Thallus of squamulaceous areoles, these minute, scattered or clustered, round, 

 angular, or minutely and irregularly crenate, greenish gray to ashy or brownish, 

 sometimes passing into an areolate or subcontinuous and chinky crust ; apothecia 

 minute to small, 0.2-0.4 mm. across, adnate, the disk concave to flat or irregular, 

 pale flesh-colored to black, the exciple of the same color, sometimes surrounded by 

 a more or less developed thalloid veil; hypothecium hyaline to brown; spores 

 ellipsoid or ovoid, 13-23 X 7-13 fx. 



On rocks and rarely on soil, throughout northern United States. 



28. Lecidea calcivora (Ehrh.) Nyl., Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. 21:381. 1856. 

 Lichen calcivorus Ehrh., Crypt. Exsicc. 244. 1793. 



Thallus widespread, scurfy, light gray to white, usually confused with the sub- 

 stratum and disappearing; apothecia small, 0.3-0.5 mm. across, immersed in pits, 

 finally superficial, flat to convex, blackish, dark red when wet, sometimes gray- 

 pruinose, the exciple thin, soon disappearing; hypothecium pale to darker brown; 

 spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 12-20 X 6-9 /x. 



On calcareous rocks, Alabama. 



29. Lecidea peliaspis (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 3:809. 1925. 

 Biatora peliaspis Tuck., Proc. Am. Acad. 12:179. 1877. 



Thallus thin, obscurely roughened-verrucose, greenish gray to ashy, becoming 

 smooth and disappearing; apothecia minute to small, 0.15-0.4 mm. across, the 

 disk flat to strongly convex, sometimes slightly pruinose, dusky to blackish brown, 

 the exciple thin, darker, becoming flexuous, finally disappearing; hypothecium 

 blackish brown; spores various in shape and size, finally pointed-ellipsoid, 6-12 

 X 3-6 /x. 



On trees and old wood, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, South Carolina, Flor- 

 ida, Illinois, and Iowa. 



30. Lecidea furfurosa Tuck., Proc. Am. Acad. 6:274. 1866. 

 Biatora furfurosa Tuck. 



Thallus widespread, granulose, the granules minute, round, sometimes scattered, 

 ashy to dusky gray, the hypothallus thin and inconspicuous, blackening; apothecia 



